[Makisuo]

Postgres types an untyped $n from its context, which went wrong twice:

• param.of(type) in a select list bound as text: a boolean came back as 'false', an array as '{}', and decoding failed. It now binds as $n::<type> ($1::boolean, $2::text[]), exact for the column it belongs to.
• A fractional value compared with an integer column was typed int8: "Amount" > $1 with 9.75 failed invalid input syntax for type bigint. Fractional bound values cast to numeric; whole numbers stay uncast so integer comparisons keep their index.

param.of kinds were keyed by codec alone, and types share codecs (PG.int8/PG.float8, PG.text/CH.string), so a kind could carry another type's SQL; they are keyed by codec and SQL type. The dialect's placeholder hook now receives the encoded value. One SQL snapshot changes: param.of(PG.text) → $1::text.

Also in the fuzz model: ClickHouse float % is not IEEE fmod; the upstream ClickHouse and() bug matcher covers nested ORs. That ClickHouse 25.8 bug (WHERE a AND ((b AND a) OR a) → TOO_FEW_ARGUMENTS_FOR_FUNCTION, avoided by optimize_extract_common_expressions = 0) is upstream and stays in known-issues.ts.

Verification: PGlite tests in bound-literals.test.ts; full suite with ClickHouse live; fuzz at 30× with only the upstream issue left in the backlog — 58/58 green.

---

Stack (merge bottom-up):

1. test(fuzz): property-based fuzzer for the query builder #39 test(fuzz): property-based fuzzer for the query builder
2. fix(clickhouse): write number literals that read back exactly #40 fix(clickhouse): write number literals that read back exactly
3. fix: parenthesise an arithmetic expression passed as an argument #41 fix: parenthesise an arithmetic expression passed as an argument
4. fix: fail with QueryBuilderError instead of throwing on unusable values #42 fix: fail with QueryBuilderError instead of throwing on unusable values
5. fix: bare select() over a subquery or union selects every alias #43 fix: bare select() over a subquery or union selects every alias
6. fix(clickhouse): cast array and map comparison literals to the column type #44 fix(clickhouse): cast array and map comparison literals to the column type
7. fix(postgres): type the two placeholders Postgres would mistype #45 fix(postgres): type the two placeholders Postgres would mistype

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• .changeset/pg-typed-placeholders.md
• src/ch/compile.ts
• src/ch/expr.ts
• src/ch/param.ts
• src/pg/bound-literals.test.ts
• tests/fuzz/known-issues.ts
• tests/fuzz/model.ts

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