Add 4 new Python programs (Math and Dates)

days_in_month.py

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+"""
+This module provides a function to determine the number of days in a given month. 
+"""
+
+
+def days_in_month(month):
+    """
+    Returns the number of days in a given month.
+
+    Args:
+        month: int (1-12) or str (month name in Spanish or English)
+
+    Returns:
+        int: number of days in the month
+    """
+
+    months_days = {
+        1: 31, 'enero': 31, 'january': 31,
+        2: 28, 'febrero': 28, 'february': 28,
+        3: 31, 'marzo': 31, 'march': 31,
+        4: 30, 'abril': 30, 'april': 30,
+        5: 31, 'mayo': 31, 'may': 31,
+        6: 30, 'junio': 30, 'june': 30,
+        7: 31, 'julio': 31, 'july': 31,
+        8: 31, 'agosto': 31, 'august': 31,
+        9: 30, 'septiembre': 30, 'september': 30,
+        10: 31, 'octubre': 31, 'october': 31,
+        11: 30, 'noviembre': 30, 'november': 30,
+        12: 31, 'diciembre': 31, 'december': 31
+    }
+
+    if isinstance(month, str):
+        month = month.lower()
+
+    if month in months_days:
+        return months_days[month]
+    else:
+        return "Invalid month. Use a number (1-12) or month name."
+
+
+def main():
+    """Main interactive function."""
+    print("=" * 60)
+    print("📅 DAYS IN MONTH CALCULATOR 📅")
+    print("=" * 60)
+    print("\nYou can enter a month as:")
+    print("  • Number (1-12)")
+    print("  • Month name in Spanish (enero, febrero, etc.)")
+    print("  • Month name in English (January, February, etc.)\n")
+
+    while True:
+        try:
+            # Get user input
+            user_input = input("Enter a month (or type 'exit' to quit): ").strip()
+
+            # Check if user wants to exit
+            if user_input.lower() == 'exit':
+                print("\n👋 Thank you for using the Days in Month Calculator! Goodbye!")
+                break
+
+            # Try to convert to integer
+            try:
+                month_num = int(user_input)
+                result = days_in_month(month_num)
+            except ValueError:
+                # If not a number, treat as month name
+                result = days_in_month(user_input)
+
+            # Display result
+            if isinstance(result, int):
+                print(f"\n✅ Result: {result} days\n")
+                print("=" * 60 + "\n")
+            else:
+                print(f"\n❌ {result}\n")
+                print("Examples: 1, January, Enero, 6, June, Junio")
+                print("=" * 60 + "\n")
+
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"\n❌ Error: {e}")
+            print("Please try again.\n")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

euclidean_distance.py

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+"""
+This program calculates the Euclidean distance between two points in a Cartesian plane.
+For more information about Euclidean distance, you can visit: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euclidean_distance
+"""
+
+# Import the module to perform mathematical operations (Square root)
+import math
+
+
+def euclidean_distance(x1, y1, x2, y2):
+    """
+    Calculates the Euclidean distance between two points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2).
+
+    Parameters:
+        x1, y1: coordinates of the first point
+        x2, y2: coordinates of the second point 
+
+    Returns:
+        The Euclidean distance between the two points.
+    """
+
+    return math.sqrt((x2 - x1) ** 2 + (y2 - y1) ** 2)
+
+
+def main():
+    print("=" * 55)
+    print("📍 EUCLIDEAN DISTANCE CALCULATOR 📍")
+    print("=" * 55)
+    print("\nCalculates the distance between two points in a Cartesian plane.\n")
+
+    while True:
+        try:
+            print("\n--- Enter the coordinates of the FIRST POINT ---")
+            while True:
+                try:
+                    x1 = float(input("x1: "))
+                    y1 = float(input("y1: "))
+
+                    if x1 < 0 or y1 < 0:
+                        print("❌ Error: Numbers cannot be negative. Please enter positive values.")
+                        continue
+                    break
+                except ValueError:
+                    print("❌ Error: Please enter valid numbers.")
+                    continue
+
+            print("\n--- Enter the coordinates of the SECOND POINT ---")
+            while True:
+                try:
+                    x2 = float(input("x2: "))
+                    y2 = float(input("y2: "))
+
+                    if x2 < 0 or y2 < 0:
+                        print("❌ Error: Numbers cannot be negative. Please enter positive values.")
+                        continue
+                    break
+                except ValueError:
+                    print("❌ Error: Please enter valid numbers.")
+                    continue
+
+            distance = euclidean_distance(x1, y1, x2, y2)
+
+            print("\n" + "=" * 55)
+            print(f"✅ RESULT:")
+            print(f"   Point 1: P1({x1}, {y1})")
+            print(f"   Point 2: P2({x2}, {y2})")
+            print(f"   Euclidean distance: {distance:.4f} units")
+            print("=" * 55)
+
+            while True:
+                continuar = input("\nDo you want to calculate another distance? (y/n): ").strip().lower()
+                if continuar in ["y", "n"]:
+                    break
+                print("❌ Please enter 'y' or 'n'.")
+
+            if continuar == "n":
+                print("\n👋 Thank you for using the Euclidean Distance Calculator!")
+                break
+
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"❌ Unexpected error: {e}")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

pythagorean_theorem.py

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+
+"""
+This module allows solving any problem about the Pythagorean theorem, it also verifies if three numbers meet the relationship a² + b² = c².
+For more information about the Pythagorean theorem, you can visit: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythagorean_theorem
+
+"""
+
+# Import the module to perform mathematical operations (Square root)
+import math
+
+def pythagorean_theorem(a=None, b=None, c=None):
+    """
+    Solves the Pythagorean theorem: a² + b² = c²
+
+    Parameters:
+        a: side a (or None if you want to calculate it)
+        b: side b (or None if you want to calculate it)
+        c: hypotenuse (or None if you want to calculate it)
+
+    Returns:
+        Tuple with the values (a, b, c)
+    """
+    if a is None:
+        if b is not None and c is not None:
+            a = math.sqrt(c**2 - b**2)
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("At least two values are needed")
+    elif b is None:
+        if a is not None and c is not None:
+            b = math.sqrt(c**2 - a**2)
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("At least two values are needed")
+    elif c is None:
+        if a is not None and b is not None:
+            c = math.sqrt(a**2 + b**2)
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("At least two values are needed")
+
+    return (a, b, c)
+
+
+def verify_pythagorean(a, b, c):
+    """
+    Verifies if three numbers satisfy the Pythagorean theorem. 
+    They are normally called Pythagorean triples.
+    parameters:
+        a: side a
+        b: side b
+        c: hypotenuse
+    Returns:
+        True if they satisfy the theorem, False otherwise.
+    """
+    return abs(a**2 + b**2 - c**2) < 1e-10
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    print("=" * 50)
+    print("🔺 PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM CALCULATOR 🔺")
+    print("=" * 50)
+    print("\nPythagorean Theorem: a² + b² = c²\n")
+
+    while True:
+        print("\nWhat would you like to do?")
+        print("1. Calculate the hypotenuse (c) knowing the legs (a, b)")
+        print("2. Calculate a leg knowing the other and the hypotenuse")
+        print("3. Verify if three numbers form a right triangle")
+        print("4. Exit")
+
+        opcion = input("\nSelect an option (1-4): ").strip()
+
+        if opcion == "1":
+            print("\n--- Calculate Hypotenuse ---")
+            try:
+                a = float(input("Enter the value of leg a: "))
+                b = float(input("Enter the value of leg b: "))
+
+                if a <= 0 or b <= 0:
+                    print("\u274c Values must be greater than 0")
+                    continue
+
+                a, b, c = pythagorean_theorem(a=a, b=b)
+                print(f"\n✅ Results:")
+                print(f"   Leg a: {a:.2f}")
+                print(f"   Leg b: {b:.2f}")
+                print(f"   Hypotenuse c: {c:.2f}")
+                print(f"   Verification: a² + b² = c² → {a**2:.2f} + {b**2:.2f} = {c**2:.2f} ✓")
+            except ValueError as e:
+                print(f"\u274c Error: {e}")
+            except Exception as e:
+                print(f"\u274c Invalid input. Please enter valid numbers.")
+
+        elif opcion == "2":
+            print("\n--- Calculate a Leg ---")
+            print("Which leg do you want to calculate?")
+            print("a) Calculate leg a")
+            print("b) Calculate leg b")
+
+            cateto_opcion = input("Select (a/b): ").strip().lower()
+
+            try:
+                if cateto_opcion == "a":
+                    b = float(input("Enter the value of leg b: "))
+                    c = float(input("Enter the value of hypotenuse c: "))
+
+                    if b <= 0 or c <= 0 or b >= c:
+                        print("\u274c Invalid values. The hypotenuse must be greater than the leg.")
+                        continue
+
+                    a, b, c = pythagorean_theorem(b=b, c=c)
+                    print(f"\n✅ Results:")
+                    print(f"   Leg a: {a:.2f}")
+                    print(f"   Leg b: {b:.2f}")
+                    print(f"   Hypotenuse c: {c:.2f}")
+                    print(f"   Verification: a² + b² = c² → {a**2:.2f} + {b**2:.2f} = {c**2:.2f} ✓")
+
+                elif cateto_opcion == "b":
+                    a = float(input("Enter the value of leg a: "))
+                    c = float(input("Enter the value of hypotenuse c: "))
+
+                    if a <= 0 or c <= 0 or a >= c:
+                        print("\u274c Invalid values. The hypotenuse must be greater than the leg.")
+                        continue
+
+                    a, b, c = pythagorean_theorem(a=a, c=c)
+                    print(f"\n✅ Results:")
+                    print(f"   Leg a: {a:.2f}")
+                    print(f"   Leg b: {b:.2f}")
+                    print(f"   Hypotenuse c: {c:.2f}")
+                    print(f"   Verification: a² + b² = c² → {a**2:.2f} + {b**2:.2f} = {c**2:.2f} ✓")
+                else:
+                    print("\u274c Invalid option")
+            except ValueError:
+                print("\u274c Invalid input. Please enter valid numbers.")
+            except Exception as e:
+                print(f"❌ Error: {e}")
+
+        elif opcion == "3":
+            print("\n--- Verify Right Triangle ---")
+            try:
+                a = float(input("Enter the value of a: "))
+                b = float(input("Enter the value of b: "))
+                c = float(input("Enter the value of c (hypotenuse): "))
+
+                if a <= 0 or b <= 0 or c <= 0:
+                    print("\u274c Values must be greater than 0")
+                    continue
+
+                es_rectangulo = verify_pythagorean(a, b, c)
+
+                print(f"\n✅ Analysis:")
+                print(f"   a² + b² = {a**2:.2f} + {b**2:.2f} = {(a**2 + b**2):.2f}")
+                print(f"   c² = {c**2:.2f}")
+
+                if es_rectangulo:
+                    print(f"   ✓ YES, it is a right triangle (Pythagorean triple)!")
+                else:
+                    diferencia = abs(a**2 + b**2 - c**2)
+                    print(f"   ✗ NO, it is not a right triangle (difference: {diferencia:.2f})")
+            except ValueError:
+                print("\u274c Invalid input. Please enter valid numbers.")
+
+        elif opcion == "4":
+            print("\n👋 Thank you for using the Pythagorean Calculator! See you soon!")
+            break
+
+        else:
+            print("\u274c Invalid option. Please select 1, 2, 3, or 4.")

slope_straight_line.py

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+"""
+Interactive program to calculate the slope of a straight line
+Formula: m = (y2 - y1) / (x2 - x1)
+"""
+
+def calcular_pendiente():
+    """Calculates the slope between two points."""
+    print("=" * 50)
+    print("Slope Calculator for a Straight Line")
+    print("=" * 50)
+
+    try:
+        # Get coordinates of the first point
+        print("\nEnter the coordinates of the first point (x1, y1):")
+        x1 = float(input("x1: "))
+        y1 = float(input("y1: "))
+
+        # Get coordinates of the second point
+        print("\nEnter the coordinates of the second point (x2, y2):")
+        x2 = float(input("x2: "))
+        y2 = float(input("y2: "))
+
+        # Validate that x1 and x2 are different
+        if x1 == x2:
+            print("\n❌ Error: x1 and x2 cannot be equal (vertical line).")
+            return
+
+        # Calculate slope
+        pendiente = (y2 - y1) / (x2 - x1)
+
+        # Display results
+        print("\n" + "=" * 50)
+        print("RESULTS:")
+        print("=" * 50)
+        print(f"Point 1: ({x1}, {y1})")
+        print(f"Point 2: ({x2}, {y2})")
+        print(f"\nSlope (m) = ({y2} - {y1}) / ({x2} - {x1})")
+        print(f"Slope (m) = {pendiente:.4f}")
+        print("=" * 50)
+
+    except ValueError:
+        print("\n❌ Error: Please enter valid numeric values.")
+
+def main():
+    """Main function."""
+    while True:
+        calcular_pendiente()
+
+        # Ask if you want to calculate another slope
+        respuesta = input("\nDo you want to calculate another slope? (y/n): ").lower().strip()
+        if respuesta != 'y':
+            print("\nThank you for using the slope calculator!")
+            break
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()