go.mod: upgrade tidb and parser

[YangKeao]

What problem does this PR solve?

Issue Number: close #3698

What is changed and how it works?

Upgrade the TiCDC to support partial index.

Check List

Tests

• Unit test
• Integration test
• Manual test (add detailed scripts or steps below)
• No code

It's manually tested with https://github.com/PingCAP-QE/endless/pull/3072.

Questions

Will it cause performance regression or break compatibility?

Do you need to update user documentation, design documentation or monitoring documentation?

Release note

None

[ti-chi-bot]

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[pingcap-cla-assistant]

All committers have signed the CLA.

[gemini-code-assist]

Summary of Changes

Hello @YangKeao, I'm Gemini Code Assist¹! I'm currently reviewing this pull request and will post my feedback shortly. In the meantime, here's a summary to help you and other reviewers quickly get up to speed!

This pull request focuses on a routine but crucial maintenance task: updating the project's Go module dependencies. The primary motivation for these upgrades is to integrate support for partial indexes into TiCDC, a feature enabled by the newer versions of the TiDB and parser modules. This ensures compatibility and leverages the latest capabilities from upstream projects.

Highlights

• Dependency Upgrades: Multiple Go module dependencies have been upgraded to their latest versions, ensuring the project uses up-to-date libraries and benefits from their improvements and bug fixes.
• TiDB and Parser Upgrade: The core TiDB and TiDB parser modules have been specifically upgraded to enable support for partial indexes within TiCDC, addressing issue TiCDC needs to upgrade TiDB to sync partial index DDL #3698.

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[gemini-code-assist]

Code Review

This pull request updates numerous Go module dependencies in go.mod and go.sum to newer versions. A significant concern highlighted in the review is the major version upgrade of the indirect dependency github.com/google/flatbuffers from v2.0.8+incompatible to v24.3.25+incompatible, which poses a high risk of introducing breaking changes and requires investigation into its direct cause and extensive testing.

[gemini-code-assist]

The version of github.com/google/flatbuffers has been upgraded from v2.0.8+incompatible to v24.3.25+incompatible. This is a very large major version jump for an indirect dependency. Such a significant upgrade carries a high risk of introducing unexpected breaking changes. It is strongly recommended to investigate which direct dependency upgrade caused this and to ensure extensive testing is in place to prevent regressions.

[YangKeao]

/check-issue-triage-complete