Add Nordic region emission factors and update emissions logic

[Hinetziedacted]

• Created nordic_emissions.json with static emission factors (gCO2eq/kWh) for Nordic regions: SE1-4, NO1-5, FI
• Updated emissions.py to check for Nordic regions and load static factors from the new JSON file
• Sweden/Norway regions use 18 gCO2eq/kWh, Finland uses 72 gCO2eq/kWh based on ENTSO-E data

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[benoit-cty]

Hello,
Thanks for the contribution.

Can you describe in the code how to proceed to update these values next year ? The best way is to provide a script. If it's too difficult, an URL to the data could be fine.

Also, can you fix the linting of the code ?
Look at how to use pre-commit in https://github.com/mlco2/codecarbon/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md

[Hinetziedacted]

Hey @benoit-cty, thanks for taking a look!

So for the documentation - I'm thinking I'll add some detailed comments right in the code explaining where these numbers come from. The values are based on ENTSO-E data:

Sweden/Norway (SE1-4, NO1-5): 18 gCO2eq/kWh - this is based on the Nordic grid average which sits around 60 gCO2eq/kWh. Sweden's specifically around 19 gCO2/kWh from 2023 data.

Finland: 72 gCO2eq/kWh - got this from Fingrid's real-time estimates which show it's in the 63-73 range.

I'll drop in links to:

• ENTSO-E's transparency platform: https://transparency.entsoe.eu/
• Fingrid for the Finnish data: https://www.fingrid.fi/en/electricity-market-information/real-time-co2-emissions-estimate/
• Plus instructions on how to update the nordic_emissions.json file each year

For the linting stuff - yeah I see the pre-commit check is waiting for approval. Once you approve it I can see what breaks and fix it. Or I can just run pre-commit locally right now if that's easier? Let me know what you prefer!

[Hinetziedacted]

Done! I just pushed the documentation in commit 2ce226a.

Added detailed comments in the code with:

• Links to ENTSO-E and Fingrid data sources
• Instructions for updating the values yearly
• Explanation of where each number comes from

For the linting - I'll run pre-commit locally now and push the fixes in a sec.

[Hinetziedacted]

Just ran pre-commit locally - all checks passed! isort, black, flake8, and autoflake all came back clean. The code's good to go on the linting side.

[SaboniAmine]

Hello, thanks for your contribution!
There is a weird indentation in the file, which seems to prevent it to run correctly, see screenshot:

Could you please :

• Add a unit test
• Use the caching mechanism to load data in cache, the same way US data is loaded in get_country_energy_mix_data ?
  This way, the json load won't be executed at each measurement