feat(android): Add experimental out-of-process crash reporting

.craft.yml

@@ -124,6 +124,11 @@ targets:
         packageUrl: https://central.sonatype.com/artifact/io.sentry/sentry-android-ndk
         mainDocsUrl: https://docs.sentry.io/platforms/android/
         apiDocsUrl: https://javadoc.io/doc/io.sentry
+      maven:io.sentry:sentry-android-ndk-outproc:
+        name: io.sentry:sentry-android-ndk-outproc
+        packageUrl: https://central.sonatype.com/artifact/io.sentry/sentry-android-ndk-outproc
+        mainDocsUrl: https://docs.sentry.io/platforms/android/configuration/using-ndk/
+        apiDocsUrl: https://javadoc.io/doc/io.sentry
       maven:io.sentry:sentry-android-timber:
         name: io.sentry:sentry-android-timber
         packageUrl: https://central.sonatype.com/artifact/io.sentry/sentry-android-timber

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report_android.yml

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ body:
       options:
         - sentry-android
         - sentry-android-ndk
+        - sentry-android-ndk-outproc
         - sentry-android-timber
         - sentry-android-fragment
         - sentry-android-navigation3

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -22,6 +22,9 @@
 - Quartz `SentryJobListener` can send a monitor config derived from the trigger with check-ins, so Sentry creates or updates the monitor from code. Set the `sentry-upsert-monitor-config` job or trigger data key to `"true"` to send the schedule ([#6216](https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-java/pull/6216))
 - Send a monitor config derived from Spring `@Scheduled` with `@SentryCheckIn` check-ins, so Sentry creates or updates the monitor from code. Set `@SentryCheckIn(upsertMonitorConfig = true)` to send the schedule ([#6215](https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-java/pull/6215))
 - Sentry OpenTelemetry integrations now honor `OTEL_BSP_SCHEDULE_DELAY` (`otel.bsp.schedule.delay`) for how often spans are sent to Sentry, instead of always waiting 5 seconds ([#6388](https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-java/pull/6388))
+- Add experimental, opt-in out-of-process crash reporting on Android ([#6347](https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-java/pull/6347))
+  - To enable it, add the `sentry-android-ndk-outproc` dependency and exclude `sentry-native-ndk`. Requires Android 11 (API level 30) or later.
+  - See the [NDK docs](https://docs.sentry.io/platforms/android/configuration/using-ndk/#out-of-process-crash-handling) for details.
 
 ### Behavioral Changes
 

README.md

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ Sentry SDK for Java and Android
 | sentry-android-core                     | [![Maven Central Version](https://img.shields.io/maven-central/v/io.sentry/sentry-android-core?style=for-the-badge&logo=sentry&color=green)](https://central.sonatype.com/artifact/io.sentry/sentry-android-core)                     | 21 |
 | sentry-android-distribution             | [![Maven Central Version](https://img.shields.io/maven-central/v/io.sentry/sentry-android-distribution?style=for-the-badge&logo=sentry&color=green)](https://central.sonatype.com/artifact/io.sentry/sentry-android-distribution)             | 21 |
 | sentry-android-ndk                      | [![Maven Central Version](https://img.shields.io/maven-central/v/io.sentry/sentry-android-ndk?style=for-the-badge&logo=sentry&color=green)](https://central.sonatype.com/artifact/io.sentry/sentry-android-ndk)                      | 21 |
+| sentry-android-ndk-outproc              | [![Maven Central Version](https://img.shields.io/maven-central/v/io.sentry/sentry-android-ndk-outproc?style=for-the-badge&logo=sentry&color=green)](https://central.sonatype.com/artifact/io.sentry/sentry-android-ndk-outproc)              | 21 |
 | sentry-android-timber                   | [![Maven Central Version](https://img.shields.io/maven-central/v/io.sentry/sentry-android-timber?style=for-the-badge&logo=sentry&color=green)](https://central.sonatype.com/artifact/io.sentry/sentry-android-timber)                   | 21 |
 | sentry-android-fragment                 | [![Maven Central Version](https://img.shields.io/maven-central/v/io.sentry/sentry-android-fragment?style=for-the-badge&logo=sentry&color=green)](https://central.sonatype.com/artifact/io.sentry/sentry-android-fragment)                 | 21 |
 | sentry-android-navigation               | [![Maven Central Version](https://img.shields.io/maven-central/v/io.sentry/sentry-android-navigation?style=for-the-badge&logo=sentry&color=green)](https://central.sonatype.com/artifact/io.sentry/sentry-android-navigation)               | 21 |

build-logic/src/main/kotlin/io/sentry/gradle/AarTypes.kt

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ private val androidLibs =
   setOf(
     "sentry-android-core",
     "sentry-android-ndk",
+    "sentry-android-ndk-outproc",
     "sentry-android-fragment",
     "sentry-android-navigation",
     "sentry-android-navigation3",

gradle/libs.versions.toml

@@ -194,6 +194,7 @@ reactor-core = { module = "io.projectreactor:reactor-core", version = "3.5.3" }
 retrofit = { module = "com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit", version.ref = "retrofit" }
 retrofit-gson = { module = "com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson", version.ref = "retrofit" }
 sentry-native-ndk = { module = "io.sentry:sentry-native-ndk", version = "0.17.6" }
+sentry-native-ndk-outproc = { module = "io.sentry:sentry-native-ndk-outproc", version = "1.0.0-beta.1" }
 servlet-api = { module = "javax.servlet:javax.servlet-api", version = "3.1.0" }
 servlet-jakarta-api = { module = "jakarta.servlet:jakarta.servlet-api", version = "6.1.0" }
 slf4j-api = { module = "org.slf4j:slf4j-api", version.ref = "slf4j" }

scripts/update-sentry-native-ndk.sh

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ set-version)
 
     echo "Setting sentry-native-ndk version to '$version'"
 
-    PATTERN='(module = "io\.sentry:sentry-native-ndk", version = ")[0-9.]+(")'
+    PATTERN='(module = "io\.sentry:sentry-native-ndk(?:-outproc)?", version = ")[0-9.]+(")'
     perl -pi -e "s/$PATTERN/\${1}$version\${2}/" "$GRADLE_NDK_FILEPATH"
     ;;
 *)

sentry-android-core/api/sentry-android-core.api

@@ -376,6 +376,7 @@ public final class io/sentry/android/core/NdkHandlerStrategy : java/lang/Enum {
 
 public final class io/sentry/android/core/NdkIntegration : io/sentry/Integration, java/io/Closeable {
 	public static final field SENTRY_NDK_CLASS_NAME Ljava/lang/String;
+	public static final field SENTRY_NDK_OUTPROC_CLASS_NAME Ljava/lang/String;
 	public fun <init> (Ljava/lang/Class;)V
 	public fun close ()V
 	public final fun register (Lio/sentry/IScopes;Lio/sentry/SentryOptions;)V
@@ -680,6 +681,7 @@ public final class io/sentry/android/core/TombstoneIntegration$TombstonePolicy :
 	public fun getLastReportedTimestamp ()Ljava/lang/Long;
 	public fun markReported (J)V
 	public fun matches (Landroid/app/ApplicationExitInfo;)Z
+	public static fun mergeNativeCrashes (Lio/sentry/SentryEvent;Lio/sentry/SentryEvent;)V
 	public fun shouldReportHistorical ()Z
 }
 

sentry-android-core/src/main/java/io/sentry/android/core/AndroidOptionsInitializer.java

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package io.sentry.android.core;
 
 import static io.sentry.android.core.NdkIntegration.SENTRY_NDK_CLASS_NAME;
+import static io.sentry.android.core.NdkIntegration.SENTRY_NDK_OUTPROC_CLASS_NAME;
 import static io.sentry.util.IntegrationUtils.addIntegrationToSdkVersion;
 
 import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
@@ -438,8 +439,12 @@ static void installDefaultIntegrations(
 
     // Integrations are registered in the same order. NDK before adding Watch outbox,
     // because sentry-native move files around and we don't want to watch that.
-    final Class<?> sentryNdkClass = loadClass.loadClass(SENTRY_NDK_CLASS_NAME, options.getLogger());
-    options.addIntegration(new NdkIntegration(sentryNdkClass));
+    // the outproc backend builds on the inproc one, so it goes first, and quietly
+    Class<?> sentryNdkClass = loadClass.loadClass(SENTRY_NDK_OUTPROC_CLASS_NAME, null);
+    if (sentryNdkClass == null) {
+      sentryNdkClass = loadClass.loadClass(SENTRY_NDK_CLASS_NAME, options.getLogger());
+    }
+    options.addIntegration(new NdkIntegration(context, sentryNdkClass));
 
     if (buildInfoProvider.getSdkInfoVersion() >= Build.VERSION_CODES.S) {
       options.addIntegration(new TombstoneIntegration(context));

sentry-android-core/src/main/java/io/sentry/android/core/NdkIntegration.java

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 import static io.sentry.util.IntegrationUtils.addIntegrationToSdkVersion;
 
+import android.content.Context;
 import io.sentry.IScopes;
 import io.sentry.Integration;
 import io.sentry.SentryLevel;
@@ -19,11 +20,20 @@ public final class NdkIntegration implements Integration, Closeable {
 
   public static final String SENTRY_NDK_CLASS_NAME = "io.sentry.android.ndk.SentryNdk";
 
+  public static final String SENTRY_NDK_OUTPROC_CLASS_NAME =
+      "io.sentry.android.ndk.outproc.SentryNdkOutproc";
+
+  private final @Nullable Context context;
   private final @Nullable Class<?> sentryNdkClass;
 
   private @Nullable SentryAndroidOptions options;
 
   public NdkIntegration(final @Nullable Class<?> sentryNdkClass) {
+    this(null, sentryNdkClass);
+  }
+
+  NdkIntegration(final @Nullable Context context, final @Nullable Class<?> sentryNdkClass) {
+    this.context = context != null ? ContextUtils.getApplicationContext(context) : null;
     this.sentryNdkClass = sentryNdkClass;
   }
 
@@ -50,9 +60,25 @@ public final void register(final @NotNull IScopes scopes, final @NotNull SentryO
       }
 
       try {
-        final Method method = sentryNdkClass.getMethod("init", SentryAndroidOptions.class);
-        final Object[] args = new Object[1];
-        args[0] = this.options;
+        Method method = null;
+        Object[] args = null;
+        if (context != null) {
+          try {
+            method = sentryNdkClass.getMethod("init", Context.class, SentryAndroidOptions.class);
+            args = new Object[] {context, this.options};
+          } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
+            // an older sentry-android-ndk
+            this.options
+                .getLogger()
+                .log(
+                    SentryLevel.WARNING,
+                    "SentryNdk.init(Context, SentryAndroidOptions) not found, using SentryNdk.init(SentryAndroidOptions).");
+          }
+        }
+        if (method == null) {
+          method = sentryNdkClass.getMethod("init", SentryAndroidOptions.class);
+          args = new Object[] {this.options};
+        }
         method.invoke(null, args);
 
         this.options.getLogger().log(SentryLevel.DEBUG, "NdkIntegration installed.");

sentry-android-core/src/main/java/io/sentry/android/core/SentryAndroid.java

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
 import android.app.Application;
 import android.content.Context;
+import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.Process;
 import android.os.SystemClock;
 import android.os.Trace;
@@ -48,6 +49,9 @@ public final class SentryAndroid {
   private static final String FRAGMENT_CLASS_NAME =
       "androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManager$FragmentLifecycleCallbacks";
 
+  // the process of SentryNdkCrashService in sentry-android-ndk-outproc
+  private static final String NDK_CRASH_SERVICE_PROCESS_SUFFIX = ".sentry_ndk_crash";
+
   static final @NotNull AutoClosableReentrantLock staticLock = new AutoClosableReentrantLock();
 
   private SentryAndroid() {}
@@ -95,6 +99,12 @@ public static void init(
       @NotNull final Context context,
       @NotNull ILogger logger,
       @NotNull Sentry.OptionsConfiguration<SentryAndroidOptions> configuration) {
+    if (isNdkCrashServiceProcess()) {
+      logger.log(
+          SentryLevel.DEBUG, "Skipping SentryAndroid.init in the NDK crash service process.");
+      return;
+    }
+
     // Started before acquiring the lock so it stays balanced with the endSection() in the finally
     // even if acquire() throws.
     Trace.beginSection("SentryAndroid.init");
@@ -280,4 +290,14 @@ private static void deduplicateIntegrations(
       }
     }
   }
+
+  // the crash service only runs on API 30+
+  @SuppressLint("NewApi")
+  private static boolean isNdkCrashServiceProcess() {
+    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.P) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    final @Nullable String processName = Application.getProcessName();
+    return processName != null && processName.endsWith(NDK_CRASH_SERVICE_PROCESS_SUFFIX);
+  }
 }

sentry-android-core/src/main/java/io/sentry/android/core/TombstoneIntegration.java

@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ private void addNativeAttachmentsToTombstoneHint(
       }
     }
 
-    private void mergeNativeCrashes(
+    public static void mergeNativeCrashes(
         final @NotNull SentryEvent nativeEvent, final @NotNull SentryEvent tombstoneEvent) {
       // we take the event data verbatim from the Native SDK and only apply tombstone data where we
       // are sure that it will improve the outcome:

sentry-android-core/src/test/java/io/sentry/android/core/AndroidOptionsInitializerTest.kt

@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ import kotlin.test.assertNull
 import kotlin.test.assertTrue
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith
 import org.mockito.kotlin.any
+import org.mockito.kotlin.anyOrNull
 import org.mockito.kotlin.eq
 import org.mockito.kotlin.mock
 import org.mockito.kotlin.never
@@ -125,6 +126,7 @@ class AndroidOptionsInitializerTest {
 
     fun initSutWithClassLoader(
       classesToLoad: List<String> = emptyList(),
+      loadedClasses: Map<String, Class<*>> = emptyMap(),
       isFragmentAvailable: Boolean = false,
       isTimberAvailable: Boolean = false,
       isReplayAvailable: Boolean = false,
@@ -138,6 +140,9 @@ class AndroidOptionsInitializerTest {
       sentryOptions.isDebug = true
       val buildInfo = createBuildInfo()
       val loadClass = createClassMock(classesToLoad)
+      loadedClasses.forEach { (name, clazz) ->
+        whenever(loadClass.loadClass(eq(name), anyOrNull())).thenReturn(clazz)
+      }
       val activityFramesTracker = ActivityFramesTracker(loadClass, sentryOptions)
 
       AndroidOptionsInitializer.loadDefaultAndMetadataOptions(
@@ -640,6 +645,17 @@ class AndroidOptionsInitializerTest {
     assertNotNull((actual as NdkIntegration).sentryNdkClass)
   }
 
+  @Test
+  fun `NdkIntegration prefers the outproc backend class`() {
+    fixture.initSutWithClassLoader(
+      classesToLoad = listOfNotNull(NdkIntegration.SENTRY_NDK_CLASS_NAME),
+      loadedClasses = mapOf(NdkIntegration.SENTRY_NDK_OUTPROC_CLASS_NAME to Any::class.java),
+    )
+
+    val actual = fixture.sentryOptions.integrations.firstOrNull { it is NdkIntegration }
+    assertEquals(Any::class.java, (actual as NdkIntegration).sentryNdkClass)
+  }
+
   @Test
   fun `NdkIntegration won't be enabled, if class not found`() {
     fixture.initSutWithClassLoader(classesToLoad = emptyList())

sentry-android-core/src/test/java/io/sentry/android/core/NdkIntegrationTest.kt

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package io.sentry.android.core
 
+import android.content.Context
 import io.sentry.ILogger
 import io.sentry.IScopes
 import io.sentry.SentryLevel
@@ -18,6 +19,8 @@ class NdkIntegrationTest {
     val logger = mock<ILogger>()
 
     fun getSut(clazz: Class<*>? = SentryNdk::class.java): NdkIntegration = NdkIntegration(clazz)
+
+    fun getSut(context: Context, clazz: Class<*>): NdkIntegration = NdkIntegration(context, clazz)
   }
 
   private val fixture = Fixture()
@@ -95,6 +98,20 @@ class NdkIntegrationTest {
     assertFalse(options.isEnableScopeSync)
   }
 
+  @Test
+  fun `NdkIntegration falls back to init without context`() {
+    val integration = fixture.getSut(mock<Context>(), SentryNdk::class.java)
+
+    val options = getOptions()
+
+    integration.register(fixture.scopes, options)
+
+    verify(fixture.logger).log(eq(SentryLevel.WARNING), any<String>())
+    verify(fixture.logger, never()).log(eq(SentryLevel.ERROR), any<String>(), any())
+    assertTrue(options.isEnableNdk)
+    assertTrue(options.isEnableScopeSync)
+  }
+
   @Test
   fun `NdkIntegration won't close if close method is not available`() {
     val integration = fixture.getSut(SentryNdkNoClose::class.java)

sentry-android-core/src/test/java/io/sentry/android/core/SentryAndroidTest.kt

@@ -84,6 +84,7 @@ import org.robolectric.annotation.Config
 import org.robolectric.shadow.api.Shadow
 import org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowActivityManager
 import org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowActivityManager.ApplicationExitInfoBuilder
+import org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowApplication
 
 @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
 @Config(sdk = [Build.VERSION_CODES.N], shadows = [SentryShadowProcess::class])
@@ -573,6 +574,18 @@ class SentryAndroidTest {
     assertTrue(optionsRef.eventProcessors.any { it is ApplicationExitInfoEventProcessor })
   }
 
+  @Test
+  @Config(sdk = [30])
+  fun `init does nothing in the NDK crash service process`() {
+    ShadowApplication.setProcessName("${context.packageName}.sentry_ndk_crash")
+    var configured = false
+
+    fixture.initSut { configured = true }
+
+    assertFalse(configured)
+    assertFalse(Sentry.isEnabled())
+  }
+
   private fun prefillScopeCache(options: SentryOptions, cacheDir: String) {
     val scopeDir = File(cacheDir, SCOPE_CACHE).also { it.mkdirs() }
     val queueFile = QueueFile.Builder(File(scopeDir, BREADCRUMBS_FILENAME)).build()

sentry-android-ndk-outproc/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+# sentry-android-ndk-outproc
+
+Experimental opt-in alternative to the inproc native backend, with an Android
+service that runs the native crash daemon. Builds on `sentry-android-ndk` and
+replaces its `sentry-native-ndk` with `sentry-native-ndk-outproc`.
+
+The default is the inproc backend.
+
+To select it, add `sentry-android-ndk-outproc`. With the `sentry-android`
+bundle, which brings `sentry-native-ndk`, also exclude it:
+
+```kotlin
+configurations.configureEach {
+    exclude(group = "io.sentry", module = "sentry-native-ndk")
+}
+```
+
+Otherwise, the build fails because it contains both native backends.
+
+The crash service needs API 30+. On older versions, native crash reporting is
+disabled.

sentry-android-ndk-outproc/api/sentry-android-ndk-outproc.api

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+public final class io/sentry/android/ndk/outproc/BuildConfig {
+	public static final field BUILD_TYPE Ljava/lang/String;
+	public static final field DEBUG Z
+	public static final field LIBRARY_PACKAGE_NAME Ljava/lang/String;
+	public static final field VERSION_NAME Ljava/lang/String;
+	public fun <init> ()V
+}
+
+public final class io/sentry/android/ndk/outproc/SentryNdkCrashService : android/app/Service {
+	public fun <init> ()V
+	public fun onBind (Landroid/content/Intent;)Landroid/os/IBinder;
+}
+
+public final class io/sentry/android/ndk/outproc/SentryNdkOutproc {
+	public static fun close ()V
+	public static fun init (Landroid/content/Context;Lio/sentry/android/core/SentryAndroidOptions;)V
+	public static fun init (Lio/sentry/android/core/SentryAndroidOptions;)V
+}
+