feat(binary_converter.cpp): Implemented decimal to binary converter

exercises/binary_converter.cpp

@@ -2,6 +2,34 @@
   Write a program that given a number as input convert it in binary.
 
   Output:
-  Insert first number: 8
+  Insert number: 8
   The binary number is: 1000
 */
+#include <iostream>
+using namespace std;
+
+void printBinary(int num){
+  unsigned int unsigned_num = static_cast<unsigned int>(num);
+  unsigned short arr[32]; //32 is the number of bits in a standard integer
+  size_t i;
+  for(i = 0; unsigned_num > 0; i++){
+    arr[i] = unsigned_num % 2; //Saving the module inside of arr[i]
+    unsigned_num /= 2;
+  }
+
+  while (i > 0){ // 'i' contains the number of bits needed for the conversion
+    cout << arr[--i];
+  }
+}
+
+int main(){
+  int inputNum;
+  cout << "Insert number: ";
+  cin >> inputNum;
+
+  cout << "The binary number is: ";
+  printBinary(inputNum);
+  cout << endl;
+
+  return 0;
+}