Improve RGB input handling in color conversion (support normalized an…

[THE-Amrit-mahto-05]

fix Standardize RGB input to normalized range in hardsubx imgops

---

Reason for this PR:

• This PR adds new functionality.
• This PR fixes a bug that I have personally experienced or that a real user has reported and for which a sample exists.
• This PR is porting code from C to Rust.

---

Sanity check:

• I have read and understood the contributors' guide.
• I have checked that another pull request for this purpose does not exist.
• If the PR adds new functionality, I've added it to the changelog.
• I am NOT adding new C code unless it's to fix an existing, reproducible bug.

---

Problem

The rgb_to_hsv and rgb_to_lab functions in src/rust/src/hardsubx/imgops.rs assumed inconsistent RGB input formats across callers.

Some inputs were provided in normalized format [0.0, 1.0], while legacy C-side callers used [0, 255], leading to incorrect color conversion results.

---

Root Cause

The implementation did not consistently handle mixed input formats, causing:

• incorrect Lab/Hue calculations
• mismatch between tests and expected outputs

---

Fix

This PR adds backward-compatible input normalization:

• If RGB values are <= 1.0, they are treated as normalized input
• If any value is > 1.0, values are treated as legacy [0–255] and normalized internally
• Applied consistently to both functions:
  • rgb_to_hsv
  • rgb_to_lab
    This ensures both legacy C callers and Rust callers work correctly.

---

Repro Steps

cargo test --features hardsubx_ocr imgops::test

---

Before fix:

• test_rgb_to_lab fails due to incorrect scaling

After fix:

• All tests pass successfully

---

Expected behavior

RGB inputs are treated consistently as normalized values in [0.0, 1.0].

Actual behavior (before fix)

Incorrect color conversion due to missing normalization handling.

---

Impact

• Fixes incorrect RGB → HSV/Lab conversion in Rust FFI layer
• Improves robustness for mixed Rust + C usage
• Maintains backward compatibility with legacy inputs
• Prevents hidden scaling bugs in production pipelines

[ccextractor-bot]

CCExtractor CI platform finished running the test files on linux. Below is a summary of the test results, when compared to test for commit ad4886e...:

Report Name	Tests Passed
Broken	9/13
CEA-708	1/14
DVB	2/7
DVD	3/3
DVR-MS	2/2
General	22/27
Hardsubx	0/1
Hauppage	3/3
MP4	3/3
NoCC	10/10
Options	77/86
Teletext	20/21
WTV	13/13
XDS	31/34

Your PR breaks these cases:

• ccextractor --autoprogram --out=ttxt --latin1 --ucla --xds 8e8229b88b...
• ccextractor --autoprogram --out=srt --latin1 --quant 0 85271be4d2...
• ccextractor --autoprogram --out=ttxt --latin1 99e5eaafdc...
• ccextractor --autoprogram --out=ttxt --latin1 --ucla 7aad20907e...
• ccextractor --autoprogram --out=ttxt --latin1 --ucla dab1c1bd65...
• ccextractor --autoprogram --out=ttxt --latin1 01509e4d27...
• ccextractor --out=srt --latin1 --autoprogram 29e5ffd34b...
• ccextractor --hardsubx 1a0302f7fd...
• ccextractor --out=spupng c83f765c66...
• ccextractor --startcreditstext "CCextractor Start crdit Testing" c4dd893cb9...
• ccextractor --startcreditsnotbefore 1 --startcreditstext "CCextractor Start crdit Testing" c4dd893cb9...
• ccextractor --startcreditsforatleast 1 --startcreditstext "CCextractor Start crdit Testing" c4dd893cb9...
• ccextractor --autoprogram --out=ttxt --xds --latin1 --ucla 85058ad37e...
• ccextractor --autoprogram --out=srt --latin1 --ucla b22260d065...
• ccextractor --autoprogram --out=ttxt --latin1 --ucla --xds 7f41299cc7...

NOTE: The following tests have been failing on the master branch as well as the PR:

• ccextractor --out=srt --latin1 --autoprogram 73d9313d64..., Last passed:

  Test 8738

• ccextractor --out=ttxt --latin1 001dd8cdf7..., Last passed:

  Test 8738

• ccextractor --out=srt --latin1 4d4e938ef6..., Last passed:

  Test 8738

• ccextractor --service 1 --out=txt --no-bom --no-rollup ea83ff7bcb..., Last passed:

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• ccextractor --service 1 --out=txt f17524b53f..., Last passed:

  Test 8738

• ccextractor --service 1 --out=txt 80848c45f8..., Last passed:

  Test 8738

• ccextractor --service 1 --out=txt --no-bom --no-rollup b5d6aad89f..., Last passed:

  Test 8738

• ccextractor --service 1[EUC-KR] --out=txt --no-rollup b5d6aad89f..., Last passed:

  Test 8738

• ccextractor --service 1 --out=srt da904de35d..., Last passed:

  Test 8738

• ccextractor --service 1 --out=sami da904de35d..., Last passed:

  Test 8738

• ccextractor --service 1 --out=ttxt da904de35d..., Last passed:

  Test 8926

• ccextractor --service 1[EUC-KR] b5d6aad89f..., Last passed:

  Test 8738

• ccextractor --service 1[EUC-KR] --no-rollup b5d6aad89f..., Last passed:

  Test 8738

• ccextractor --service all da904de35d..., Last passed:

  Test 8738

• ccextractor --service all[EUC-KR] b5d6aad89f..., Last passed:

  Test 8738

• ccextractor --service 1,2[UTF-8],3[EUC-KR],54 --out=txt da904de35d..., Last passed:

  Test 8738

• ccextractor --autoprogram --out=srt --latin1 f1422b8bfe..., Last passed:

  Test 9208

• ccextractor --autoprogram --out=srt --latin1 d41b53b504..., Last passed:

  Test 8738

• ccextractor --stdout --quiet --no-fontcolor 79a51f3500..., Last passed:

  Test 8738

• ccextractor --stdout --quiet --no-fontcolor 767b546f96..., Last passed:

  Test 8738

• ccextractor --service 1 c83f765c66..., Last passed:

  Test 8738

• ccextractor --myth c83f765c66..., Last passed:

  Test 8738

• ccextractor --in=raw fb79021542..., Last passed:

  Test 8738

• ccextractor --mp4vidtrack 5df914ce77..., Last passed:

  Test 8738

• ccextractor --xmltv=3 --out=null 96efd279cf..., Last passed:

  Test 8738

• ccextractor --datapid 2310 --autoprogram --out=srt --latin1 e639e54550..., Last passed:

  Test 8738

Congratulations: Merging this PR would fix the following tests:

• ccextractor --autoprogram --out=ttxt --latin1 132d7df7e9..., Last passed: Never
• ccextractor --autoprogram --out=srt --latin1 b22260d065..., Last passed: Never
• ccextractor --startcreditsnotafter 2 --startcreditstext "CCextractor Start crdit Testing" c4dd893cb9..., Last passed: Never
• ccextractor --startcreditsforatmost 2 --startcreditstext "CCextractor Start crdit Testing" c4dd893cb9..., Last passed: Never

It seems that not all tests were passed completely. This is an indication that the output of some files is not as expected (but might be according to you).

Check the result page for more info.

[ccextractor-bot]

CCExtractor CI platform finished running the test files on windows. Below is a summary of the test results, when compared to test for commit ad4886e...:

Report Name	Tests Passed
Broken	9/13
CEA-708	1/14
DVB	3/7
DVD	3/3
DVR-MS	2/2
General	22/27
Hardsubx	0/1
Hauppage	3/3
MP4	3/3
NoCC	10/10
Options	81/86
Teletext	20/21
WTV	13/13
XDS	31/34

Your PR breaks these cases:

• ccextractor --autoprogram --out=ttxt --latin1 --ucla --xds 8e8229b88b...
• ccextractor --autoprogram --out=ttxt --latin1 132d7df7e9...
• ccextractor --autoprogram --out=ttxt --latin1 99e5eaafdc...
• ccextractor --autoprogram --out=srt --latin1 b22260d065...
• ccextractor --autoprogram --out=ttxt --latin1 --ucla 7aad20907e...
• ccextractor --autoprogram --out=ttxt --latin1 01509e4d27...
• ccextractor --hardsubx 1a0302f7fd...
• ccextractor --autoprogram --out=ttxt --xds --latin1 --ucla 85058ad37e...
• ccextractor --autoprogram --out=srt --latin1 --ucla b22260d065...
• ccextractor --autoprogram --out=ttxt --latin1 --ucla --xds 7f41299cc7...

NOTE: The following tests have been failing on the master branch as well as the PR:

• ccextractor --out=srt --latin1 --autoprogram 73d9313d64..., Last passed:

  Test 8611

• ccextractor --out=ttxt --latin1 001dd8cdf7..., Last passed:

  Test 8611

• ccextractor --out=srt --latin1 4d4e938ef6..., Last passed:

  Test 8611

• ccextractor --service 1 --out=txt --no-bom --no-rollup ea83ff7bcb..., Last passed:

  Test 8611

• ccextractor --service 1 --out=txt f17524b53f..., Last passed:

  Test 8611

• ccextractor --service 1 --out=txt 80848c45f8..., Last passed:

  Test 8611

• ccextractor --service 1 --out=txt --no-bom --no-rollup b5d6aad89f..., Last passed:

  Test 8611

• ccextractor --service 1[EUC-KR] --out=txt --no-rollup b5d6aad89f..., Last passed:

  Test 8611

• ccextractor --service 1 --out=srt da904de35d..., Last passed:

  Test 8611

• ccextractor --service 1 --out=sami da904de35d..., Last passed:

  Test 8611

• ccextractor --service 1 --out=ttxt da904de35d..., Last passed:

  Test 8943

• ccextractor --service 1[EUC-KR] b5d6aad89f..., Last passed:

  Test 8611

• ccextractor --service 1[EUC-KR] --no-rollup b5d6aad89f..., Last passed:

  Test 8611

• ccextractor --service all da904de35d..., Last passed:

  Test 8611

• ccextractor --service all[EUC-KR] b5d6aad89f..., Last passed:

  Test 8611

• ccextractor --service 1,2[UTF-8],3[EUC-KR],54 --out=txt da904de35d..., Last passed:

  Test 8611

• ccextractor --autoprogram --out=srt --latin1 f1422b8bfe..., Last passed:

  Test 9209

• ccextractor --autoprogram --out=srt --latin1 d41b53b504..., Last passed:

  Test 8611

• ccextractor --stdout --quiet --no-fontcolor 79a51f3500..., Last passed:

  Test 8611

• ccextractor --stdout --quiet --no-fontcolor 767b546f96..., Last passed:

  Test 8611

• ccextractor --service 1 c83f765c66..., Last passed:

  Test 8611

• ccextractor --myth c83f765c66..., Last passed:

  Test 8611

• ccextractor --in=raw fb79021542..., Last passed:

  Test 8611

• ccextractor --mp4vidtrack 5df914ce77..., Last passed:

  Test 8611

• ccextractor --xmltv=3 --out=null 96efd279cf..., Last passed:

  Test 8611

• ccextractor --datapid 2310 --autoprogram --out=srt --latin1 e639e54550..., Last passed:

  Test 8611

Congratulations: Merging this PR would fix the following tests:

• ccextractor --autoprogram --out=srt --latin1 --quant 0 85271be4d2..., Last passed: Never
• ccextractor --autoprogram --out=ttxt --latin1 --ucla dab1c1bd65..., Last passed: Never
• ccextractor --out=srt --latin1 --autoprogram 29e5ffd34b..., Last passed: Never
• ccextractor --out=spupng c83f765c66..., Last passed: Never
• ccextractor --startcreditstext "CCextractor Start crdit Testing" c4dd893cb9..., Last passed: Never
• ccextractor --startcreditsnotbefore 1 --startcreditstext "CCextractor Start crdit Testing" c4dd893cb9..., Last passed: Never
• ccextractor --startcreditsnotafter 2 --startcreditstext "CCextractor Start crdit Testing" c4dd893cb9..., Last passed: Never
• ccextractor --startcreditsforatleast 1 --startcreditstext "CCextractor Start crdit Testing" c4dd893cb9..., Last passed: Never
• ccextractor --startcreditsforatmost 2 --startcreditstext "CCextractor Start crdit Testing" c4dd893cb9..., Last passed: Never

It seems that not all tests were passed completely. This is an indication that the output of some files is not as expected (but might be according to you).

Check the result page for more info.

[cfsmp3]

Deep Review — Regression Found

The analysis is correct: rgb_to_hsv expected [0.0, 1.0] but all callers pass [0, 255]. That's a real inconsistency. However, the fix introduces a regression.

Regression: white text on black background

We tested with a simple burned-in subtitle video:

ffmpeg -y -f lavfi -i color=c=black:s=1280x720:r=25:d=10 \
  -vf "drawtext=fontfile=/usr/share/fonts/truetype/dejavu/DejaVuSans.ttf:\
text='HARDSUBX TEST':fontcolor=white:fontsize=40:x=40:y=h-60" \
  -c:v libx264 -pix_fmt yuv420p hardsubx_test.mp4

ccextractor --quiet --hardsubx --ocrlang eng -o output.srt hardsubx_test.mp4

Build	Output
Master	HARDSUBX TEST (correct)
This PR	WARDSUBX TEST (first character lost)

Yellow-on-blue text produced identical correct output on both, so the regression is color-combination dependent.

Root cause of the regression

The auto-detection heuristic (if max_val > 1.0, assume 0-255) changes the HSV color classification boundary, which shifts which pixels are detected as text vs background. The "H" is at the edge of the detected text region and gets clipped.

Suggested fix

Don't auto-detect. Both functions should consistently expect [0, 255] since that's what ALL callers pass (both C and Rust callers pass r as f32 where r is a pixel byte value). The fix should be:

// rgb_to_hsv — currently treats input as [0,1], should normalize like rgb_to_lab
let rgb = LinSrgb::new(R / 255.0, G / 255.0, B / 255.0);

This matches what rgb_to_lab already did before this PR. Simple, explicit, no auto-detection magic.

Requirements for resubmission

1. Fix the regression — use explicit /255.0 normalization, not auto-detection
2. Test with the sample above and include the exact output in the PR description
3. Show before/after — what does master produce vs your fix on at least 2 different color combinations
4. No repro, no merge — we need to see the exact commands and exact output, not just "cargo test passes"

The underlying bug is real and worth fixing. Just needs a simpler, non-regressing approach.