feat: add $inspect.trace rune (#14290)

* feat: add $trace rune

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* lint

* fix

* fix

* fix

* fix

* fix

* fix

* fix

* more tweaks

* lint

* improve label for derived cached

* improve label for derived cached

* lint

* better stacks

* complete redesign

* fixes

* dead code

* dead code

* improve change detection

* rename rune

* lint

* lint

* fix bug

* tweaks

* Update packages/svelte/src/internal/client/dev/tracing.js

Co-authored-by: Rich Harris <rich.harris@vercel.com>

* Update packages/svelte/src/internal/client/dev/tracing.js

Co-authored-by: Rich Harris <rich.harris@vercel.com>

* Update packages/svelte/src/internal/client/dev/tracing.js

Co-authored-by: Rich Harris <rich.harris@vercel.com>

* Update packages/svelte/src/internal/client/dev/tracing.js

Co-authored-by: Rich Harris <rich.harris@vercel.com>

* todos

* add test + some docs

* changeset

* update messages

* address feedback

* address feedback

* limit to first statement of function

* remove unreachable trace_rune_duplicate error

* tweak message

* remove the expression statement, not the expression

* revert

* make label optional

* relax restriction on label - no longer necessary with new design

* update errors

* newline

* tweak

* add some docs

* fix playground

* fix playground

* tweak message when function runs outside an effect

* unused

* tweak

* handle async functions

* fail on generators

* regenerate, update docs

* better labelling

---------

Co-authored-by: Rich Harris <rich.harris@vercel.com>

Author: trueadm

.changeset/tame-ants-peel.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'svelte': minor
+---
+
+feat: adds $inspect.trace rune

documentation/docs/02-runes/07-$inspect.md

@@ -42,3 +42,20 @@ A convenient way to find the origin of some change is to pass `console.trace` to
 // @errors: 2304
 $inspect(stuff).with(console.trace);
 ```
+
+## $inspect.trace(...)
+
+This rune, added in 5.14, causes the surrounding function to be _traced_ in development. Any time the function re-runs as part of an [effect]($effect) or a [derived]($derived), information will be printed to the console about which pieces of reactive state caused the effect to fire.
+
+```svelte
+<script>
+	import { doSomeWork } from './elsewhere';
+
+	$effect(() => {
+		+++$inspect.trace();+++
+		doSomeWork();
+	});
+</script>
+```
+
+`$inspect.trace` takes an optional first argument which will be used as the label.

documentation/docs/98-reference/.generated/compile-errors.md

@@ -442,6 +442,18 @@ Expected whitespace
 Imports of `svelte/internal/*` are forbidden. It contains private runtime code which is subject to change without notice. If you're importing from `svelte/internal/*` to work around a limitation of Svelte, please open an issue at https://github.com/sveltejs/svelte and explain your use case
 ```
 
+### inspect_trace_generator
+
+```
+`$inspect.trace(...)` cannot be used inside a generator function
+```
+
+### inspect_trace_invalid_placement
+
+```
+`$inspect.trace(...)` must be the first statement of a function body
+```
+
 ### invalid_arguments_usage
 
 ```

packages/svelte/messages/compile-errors/script.md

@@ -54,6 +54,14 @@
 
 > Imports of `svelte/internal/*` are forbidden. It contains private runtime code which is subject to change without notice. If you're importing from `svelte/internal/*` to work around a limitation of Svelte, please open an issue at https://github.com/sveltejs/svelte and explain your use case
 
+## inspect_trace_generator
+
+> `$inspect.trace(...)` cannot be used inside a generator function
+
+## inspect_trace_invalid_placement
+
+> `$inspect.trace(...)` must be the first statement of a function body
+
 ## invalid_arguments_usage
 
 > The arguments keyword cannot be used within the template or at the top level of a component

packages/svelte/src/ambient.d.ts

@@ -371,6 +371,25 @@ declare function $inspect<T extends any[]>(
 	...values: T
 ): { with: (fn: (type: 'init' | 'update', ...values: T) => void) => void };
 
+declare namespace $inspect {
+	/**
+	 * Tracks which reactive state changes caused an effect to re-run. Must be the first
+	 * statement of a function body. Example:
+	 *
+	 * ```svelte
+	 * <script>
+	 *   let count = $state(0);
+	 *
+	 *   $effect(() => {
+	 *     $inspect.trace('my effect');
+	 *
+	 *     count;
+	 *   });
+	 * </script>
+	 */
+	export function trace(name: string): void;
+}
+
 /**
  * Retrieves the `this` reference of the custom element that contains this component. Example:
  *

packages/svelte/src/compiler/errors.js

@@ -206,6 +206,24 @@ export function import_svelte_internal_forbidden(node) {
 	e(node, "import_svelte_internal_forbidden", `Imports of \`svelte/internal/*\` are forbidden. It contains private runtime code which is subject to change without notice. If you're importing from \`svelte/internal/*\` to work around a limitation of Svelte, please open an issue at https://github.com/sveltejs/svelte and explain your use case\nhttps://svelte.dev/e/import_svelte_internal_forbidden`);
 }
 
+/**
+ * `$inspect.trace(...)` cannot be used inside a generator function
+ * @param {null | number | NodeLike} node
+ * @returns {never}
+ */
+export function inspect_trace_generator(node) {
+	e(node, "inspect_trace_generator", `\`$inspect.trace(...)\` cannot be used inside a generator function\nhttps://svelte.dev/e/inspect_trace_generator`);
+}
+
+/**
+ * `$inspect.trace(...)` must be the first statement of a function body
+ * @param {null | number | NodeLike} node
+ * @returns {never}
+ */
+export function inspect_trace_invalid_placement(node) {
+	e(node, "inspect_trace_invalid_placement", `\`$inspect.trace(...)\` must be the first statement of a function body\nhttps://svelte.dev/e/inspect_trace_invalid_placement`);
+}
+
 /**
  * The arguments keyword cannot be used within the template or at the top level of a component
  * @param {null | number | NodeLike} node

packages/svelte/src/compiler/phases/2-analyze/visitors/CallExpression.js

@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
-/** @import { CallExpression, VariableDeclarator } from 'estree' */
+/** @import { ArrowFunctionExpression, CallExpression, Expression, FunctionDeclaration, FunctionExpression, Identifier, VariableDeclarator } from 'estree' */
 /** @import { AST } from '#compiler' */
 /** @import { Context } from '../types' */
 import { get_rune } from '../../scope.js';
 import * as e from '../../../errors.js';
 import { get_parent, unwrap_optional } from '../../../utils/ast.js';
 import { is_pure, is_safe_identifier } from './shared/utils.js';
-import { mark_subtree_dynamic } from './shared/fragment.js';
+import { dev, locate_node, source } from '../../../state.js';
+import * as b from '../../../utils/builders.js';
 
 /**
  * @param {CallExpression} node
@@ -136,6 +137,45 @@ export function CallExpression(node, context) {
 
 			break;
 
+		case '$inspect.trace': {
+			if (node.arguments.length > 1) {
+				e.rune_invalid_arguments_length(node, rune, 'zero or one arguments');
+			}
+
+			const grand_parent = context.path.at(-2);
+			const fn = context.path.at(-3);
+
+			if (
+				parent.type !== 'ExpressionStatement' ||
+				grand_parent?.type !== 'BlockStatement' ||
+				!(
+					fn?.type === 'FunctionDeclaration' ||
+					fn?.type === 'FunctionExpression' ||
+					fn?.type === 'ArrowFunctionExpression'
+				) ||
+				grand_parent.body[0] !== parent
+			) {
+				e.inspect_trace_invalid_placement(node);
+			}
+
+			if (fn.generator) {
+				e.inspect_trace_generator(node);
+			}
+
+			if (dev) {
+				if (node.arguments[0]) {
+					context.state.scope.tracing = b.thunk(/** @type {Expression} */ (node.arguments[0]));
+				} else {
+					const label = get_function_label(context.path.slice(0, -2)) ?? 'trace';
+					const loc = `(${locate_node(fn)})`;
+
+					context.state.scope.tracing = b.thunk(b.literal(label + ' ' + loc));
+				}
+			}
+
+			break;
+		}
+
 		case '$state.snapshot':
 			if (node.arguments.length !== 1) {
 				e.rune_invalid_arguments_length(node, rune, 'exactly one argument');
@@ -182,3 +222,31 @@ export function CallExpression(node, context) {
 		}
 	}
 }
+
+/**
+ * @param {AST.SvelteNode[]} nodes
+ */
+function get_function_label(nodes) {
+	const fn = /** @type {FunctionExpression | FunctionDeclaration | ArrowFunctionExpression} */ (
+		nodes.at(-1)
+	);
+
+	if ((fn.type === 'FunctionDeclaration' || fn.type === 'FunctionExpression') && fn.id != null) {
+		return fn.id.name;
+	}
+
+	const parent = nodes.at(-2);
+	if (!parent) return;
+
+	if (parent.type === 'CallExpression') {
+		return source.slice(parent.callee.start, parent.callee.end) + '(...)';
+	}
+
+	if (parent.type === 'Property' && !parent.computed) {
+		return /** @type {Identifier} */ (parent.key).name;
+	}
+
+	if (parent.type === 'VariableDeclarator' && parent.id.type === 'Identifier') {
+		return parent.id.name;
+	}
+}

packages/svelte/src/compiler/phases/3-transform/client/visitors/AssignmentExpression.js

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import {
 	get_attribute_expression,
 	is_event_attribute
 } from '../../../../utils/ast.js';
-import { dev, filename, is_ignored, locator } from '../../../../state.js';
+import { dev, filename, is_ignored, locate_node, locator } from '../../../../state.js';
 import { build_proxy_reassignment, should_proxy } from '../utils.js';
 import { visit_assignment_expression } from '../../shared/assignments.js';
 
@@ -183,9 +183,6 @@ function build_assignment(operator, left, right, context) {
 	if (left.type === 'MemberExpression' && should_transform) {
 		const callee = callees[operator];
 
-		const loc = /** @type {Location} */ (locator(/** @type {number} */ (left.start)));
-		const location = `${filename}:${loc.line}:${loc.column}`;
-
 		return /** @type {Expression} */ (
 			context.visit(
 				b.call(
@@ -197,7 +194,7 @@ function build_assignment(operator, left, right, context) {
 							: b.literal(/** @type {Identifier} */ (left.property).name)
 					),
 					right,
-					b.literal(location)
+					b.literal(locate_node(left))
 				)
 			)
 		);

packages/svelte/src/compiler/phases/3-transform/client/visitors/BlockStatement.js

@@ -1,12 +1,32 @@
-/** @import { BlockStatement } from 'estree' */
+/** @import { ArrowFunctionExpression, BlockStatement, CallExpression, Expression, FunctionDeclaration, FunctionExpression, Statement } from 'estree' */
 /** @import { ComponentContext } from '../types' */
 import { add_state_transformers } from './shared/declarations.js';
+import * as b from '../../../../utils/builders.js';
 
 /**
  * @param {BlockStatement} node
  * @param {ComponentContext} context
  */
 export function BlockStatement(node, context) {
 	add_state_transformers(context);
+	const tracing = context.state.scope.tracing;
+
+	if (tracing !== null) {
+		const parent =
+			/** @type {ArrowFunctionExpression | FunctionDeclaration | FunctionExpression} */ (
+				context.path.at(-1)
+			);
+
+		const is_async = parent.async;
+
+		const call = b.call(
+			'$.trace',
+			/** @type {Expression} */ (tracing),
+			b.thunk(b.block(node.body.map((n) => /** @type {Statement} */ (context.visit(n)))), is_async)
+		);
+
+		return b.block([b.return(is_async ? b.await(call) : call)]);
+	}
+
 	context.next();
 }

packages/svelte/src/compiler/phases/3-transform/client/visitors/ExpressionStatement.js

@@ -20,6 +20,10 @@ export function ExpressionStatement(node, context) {
 
 			return b.stmt(expr);
 		}
+
+		if (rune === '$inspect.trace') {
+			return b.empty;
+		}
 	}
 
 	context.next();