fix(copilot): mint ids for nested blocks instead of storing the model's handle

workflow_blocks.id is a global primary key, but normalizeBlockIdsInOperations
only minted UUIDs for an operation's own block_id. Children arrive keyed by the
model's handle under params.nestedNodes and were persisted verbatim, so a
workflow adding a child named "waitPoll" collided with whichever workflow stored
that name first and the whole save failed with 23505. The pre-insert delete is
scoped to the workflow's own rows, so it cannot clear the conflicting row and
every retry fails identically.

- claim non-UUID nestedNodes keys recursively, at any container depth
- rewrite child connections and nested containers through the same mapping
- log the Postgres cause on a failed save; Drizzle's message is only
  "Failed query: <sql> params: <...>" and the SQLSTATE lives on error.cause

Author: waleedlatif1

apps/sim/lib/copilot/tools/server/workflow/edit-workflow/builders.test.ts

@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 /**
  * @vitest-environment node
  */
+import { isValidUuid } from '@sim/utils/id'
 import { describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
 import {
   applyTriggerConfigToBlockSubblocks,
   createBlockFromParams,
   filterDisallowedTools,
+  normalizeBlockIdsInOperations,
   normalizeSubblockValue,
 } from '@/lib/copilot/tools/server/workflow/edit-workflow/builders'
 
@@ -245,3 +247,80 @@ describe('applyTriggerConfigToBlockSubblocks', () => {
     })
   })
 })
+
+describe('normalizeBlockIdsInOperations', () => {
+  it('mints UUIDs for nested child ids so a model handle never becomes the global block primary key', () => {
+    const { normalizedOperations, idMapping } = normalizeBlockIdsInOperations([
+      {
+        operation_type: 'add',
+        block_id: 'pollLoop',
+        params: {
+          type: 'loop',
+          nestedNodes: {
+            waitPoll: { type: 'wait' },
+            setStatus: { type: 'variables' },
+          },
+        },
+      },
+    ] as any)
+
+    const nestedNodes = (normalizedOperations[0] as any).params.nestedNodes
+    const childIds = Object.keys(nestedNodes)
+
+    expect(childIds).toHaveLength(2)
+    for (const childId of childIds) {
+      expect(isValidUuid(childId)).toBe(true)
+    }
+    expect(childIds).not.toContain('waitPoll')
+    expect(childIds).not.toContain('setStatus')
+    expect(idMapping.get('waitPoll')).toBe(childIds[0])
+    expect(idMapping.get('setStatus')).toBe(childIds[1])
+  })
+
+  it('remaps children of nested containers and the sibling references they carry', () => {
+    const { normalizedOperations, idMapping } = normalizeBlockIdsInOperations([
+      {
+        operation_type: 'add',
+        block_id: 'outerLoop',
+        params: {
+          type: 'loop',
+          nestedNodes: {
+            innerLoop: {
+              type: 'parallel',
+              nestedNodes: {
+                deepChild: { type: 'agent' },
+              },
+            },
+            sibling: {
+              type: 'function',
+              connections: { success: 'deepChild' },
+            },
+          },
+        },
+      },
+    ] as any)
+
+    const outer = (normalizedOperations[0] as any).params.nestedNodes
+    const innerId = idMapping.get('innerLoop') as string
+    const deepId = idMapping.get('deepChild') as string
+    const siblingId = idMapping.get('sibling') as string
+
+    expect(isValidUuid(deepId)).toBe(true)
+    expect(Object.keys(outer[innerId].nestedNodes)).toEqual([deepId])
+    expect(outer[siblingId].connections.success).toBe(deepId)
+  })
+
+  it('leaves ids that are already UUIDs untouched', () => {
+    const existing = '11111111-2222-4333-8444-555555555555'
+    const { normalizedOperations, idMapping } = normalizeBlockIdsInOperations([
+      {
+        operation_type: 'add',
+        block_id: existing,
+        params: { type: 'loop', nestedNodes: {} },
+      },
+    ] as any)
+
+    expect(idMapping.size).toBe(0)
+    expect((normalizedOperations[0] as any).block_id).toBe(existing)
+  })
+})

apps/sim/lib/copilot/tools/server/workflow/edit-workflow/builders.ts

@@ -705,6 +705,9 @@ export function filterDisallowedTools(
  * The LLM may generate human-readable IDs like "web_search" or "research_agent"
  * which need to be converted to proper UUIDs for database compatibility.
  *
+ * Runs in two passes: every id is claimed before any reference is rewritten, so a
+ * reference can point at an id claimed by a later operation.
+ *
  * Returns the normalized operations and a mapping from old IDs to new UUIDs.
  */
 export function normalizeBlockIdsInOperations(operations: EditWorkflowOperation[]): {
@@ -714,14 +717,38 @@ export function normalizeBlockIdsInOperations(operations: EditWorkflowOperation[
   const logger = createLogger('EditWorkflowServerTool')
   const idMapping = new Map<string, string>()
 
-  // First pass: collect all non-UUID block_ids from add/insert operations
+  const claimId = (id: string | undefined) => {
+    if (!id || isValidUuid(id) || idMapping.has(id)) return
+    const newId = generateId()
+    idMapping.set(id, newId)
+    logger.debug('Normalizing block ID', { oldId: id, newId })
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Children arrive keyed by the model's own handle under `params.nestedNodes`,
+   * and containers nest arbitrarily deep. Every level must be claimed here or the
+   * handle is persisted verbatim as `workflow_blocks.id`, which is a global
+   * primary key — a name another workflow already stored collides on insert.
+   *
+   * Only reached for `add`/`insert_into_subflow`. `edit` also creates children via
+   * `mergeNestedNodesForParent`, but there a child matching an existing block by
+   * *name* keeps that block's id, so claiming its handle would repoint sibling
+   * references at an id no block was created under. That path needs the id minted
+   * at creation with an alias recorded for reference resolution, not a wider gate
+   * here.
+   */
+  const claimNestedNodeIds = (nestedNodes: Record<string, any> | undefined) => {
+    if (!nestedNodes) return
+    for (const [childId, childBlock] of Object.entries(nestedNodes)) {
+      claimId(childId)
+      claimNestedNodeIds(childBlock?.nestedNodes)
+    }
+  }
+
   for (const op of operations) {
     if (op.operation_type === 'add' || op.operation_type === 'insert_into_subflow') {
-      if (op.block_id && !isValidUuid(op.block_id)) {
-        const newId = generateId()
-        idMapping.set(op.block_id, newId)
-        logger.debug('Normalizing block ID', { oldId: op.block_id, newId })
-      }
+      claimId(op.block_id)
+      claimNestedNodeIds(op.params?.nestedNodes)
     }
   }
 
@@ -740,7 +767,52 @@ export function normalizeBlockIdsInOperations(operations: EditWorkflowOperation[
     return idMapping.get(id) ?? id
   }
 
-  // Second pass: update all references to use new UUIDs
+  const normalizeConnections = (connections: Record<string, any>): Record<string, any> => {
+    const normalizedConnections: Record<string, any> = {}
+    for (const [handle, targets] of Object.entries<any>(connections)) {
+      if (typeof targets === 'string') {
+        normalizedConnections[handle] = replaceId(targets)
+      } else if (Array.isArray(targets)) {
+        normalizedConnections[handle] = targets.map((t) => {
+          if (typeof t === 'string') return replaceId(t)
+          if (t && typeof t === 'object' && t.block) {
+            return { ...t, block: replaceId(t.block) }
+          }
+          return t
+        })
+      } else if (targets && typeof targets === 'object' && targets.block) {
+        normalizedConnections[handle] = { ...targets, block: replaceId(targets.block) }
+      } else {
+        normalizedConnections[handle] = targets
+      }
+    }
+    return normalizedConnections
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * A child's `connections` may name sibling children, not just top-level blocks,
+   * so nested references resolve through the same flat id mapping.
+   */
+  const normalizeNestedNodes = (nestedNodes: Record<string, any>): Record<string, any> => {
+    const normalizedNestedNodes: Record<string, any> = {}
+    for (const [childId, childBlock] of Object.entries<any>(nestedNodes)) {
+      const newChildId = replaceId(childId) ?? childId
+      normalizedNestedNodes[newChildId] =
+        childBlock && typeof childBlock === 'object'
+          ? {
+              ...childBlock,
+              ...(childBlock.connections && {
+                connections: normalizeConnections(childBlock.connections),
+              }),
+              ...(childBlock.nestedNodes && {
+                nestedNodes: normalizeNestedNodes(childBlock.nestedNodes),
+              }),
+            }
+          : childBlock
+    }
+    return normalizedNestedNodes
+  }
+
   const normalizedOperations = operations.map((op) => {
     const normalized: EditWorkflowOperation = {
       ...op,
@@ -755,37 +827,12 @@ export function normalizeBlockIdsInOperations(operations: EditWorkflowOperation[
         normalized.params.subflowId = replaceId(normalized.params.subflowId)
       }
 
-      // Update connection references
       if (normalized.params.connections) {
-        const normalizedConnections: Record<string, any> = {}
-        for (const [handle, targets] of Object.entries(normalized.params.connections)) {
-          if (typeof targets === 'string') {
-            normalizedConnections[handle] = replaceId(targets)
-          } else if (Array.isArray(targets)) {
-            normalizedConnections[handle] = targets.map((t) => {
-              if (typeof t === 'string') return replaceId(t)
-              if (t && typeof t === 'object' && t.block) {
-                return { ...t, block: replaceId(t.block) }
-              }
-              return t
-            })
-          } else if (targets && typeof targets === 'object' && (targets as any).block) {
-            normalizedConnections[handle] = { ...targets, block: replaceId((targets as any).block) }
-          } else {
-            normalizedConnections[handle] = targets
-          }
-        }
-        normalized.params.connections = normalizedConnections
+        normalized.params.connections = normalizeConnections(normalized.params.connections)
       }
 
-      // Update nestedNodes block IDs
       if (normalized.params.nestedNodes) {
-        const normalizedNestedNodes: Record<string, any> = {}
-        for (const [childId, childBlock] of Object.entries(normalized.params.nestedNodes)) {
-          const newChildId = replaceId(childId) ?? childId
-          normalizedNestedNodes[newChildId] = childBlock
-        }
-        normalized.params.nestedNodes = normalizedNestedNodes
+        normalized.params.nestedNodes = normalizeNestedNodes(normalized.params.nestedNodes)
       }
     }
 

apps/sim/lib/workflows/persistence/utils.ts

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import {
 import { credential } from '@sim/db/schema'
 import { createLogger } from '@sim/logger'
 import { getActiveWorkflowContext } from '@sim/platform-authz/workflow'
-import { getErrorMessage } from '@sim/utils/errors'
+import { describeError, getErrorMessage, getPostgresConstraintName } from '@sim/utils/errors'
 import { generateId } from '@sim/utils/id'
 import {
   loadWorkflowFromNormalizedTablesRaw,
@@ -616,7 +616,10 @@ export async function saveWorkflowToNormalizedTables(
     })
   } catch (error) {
     const message = getErrorMessage(error, 'Failed to save workflow state')
-    logger.error(`Error saving workflow ${workflowId} to normalized tables:`, error)
+    logger.error(`Error saving workflow ${workflowId} to normalized tables:`, error, {
+      cause: describeError(error),
+      constraint: getPostgresConstraintName(error),
+    })
     return { success: false, error: message }
   }
 }