gh-150988: Fix refleak in OSError when attrs are set before super().__init__() (GH-150990)

(cherry picked from commit f2a0f82)

Co-authored-by: Lukas Geiger <lukas.geiger94@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Victor Stinner <vstinner@python.org>

Author: 2 people

Lib/test/test_exceptions.py

@@ -1662,6 +1662,20 @@ def inner():
         gc_collect()  # For PyPy or other GCs.
         self.assertEqual(wr(), None)
 
+    def test_oserror_reinit_leak(self):
+        # gh-150988: Check for memory leak when re-initializing OSError.
+        # Previously, setting OSError attributes in a subclass
+        # before calling super().__init__() leaked memory.
+        class LeakingOSError(OSError):
+            def __init__(self, code, message, filename, filename2):
+                self.strerror = message
+                self.filename = filename
+                self.filename2 = filename2
+                super().__init__(code, message, filename, None, filename2)
+
+        exc = LeakingOSError(1, "some message", "filename.py", "filename2.py")
+        exc.__init__(2, "another message", "filename3.py", "filename4.py")
+
     def test_errno_ENOTDIR(self):
         # Issue #12802: "not a directory" errors are ENOTDIR even on Windows
         with self.assertRaises(OSError) as cm:

Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core_and_Builtins/2026-06-05-22-52-41.gh-issue-150988.fDKfMJ.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Fix a reference leak in :exc:`OSError` when attributes are set before
+``super().__init__()``.

Objects/exceptions.c

@@ -1846,10 +1846,10 @@ oserror_init(PyOSErrorObject *self, PyObject **p_args,
                 return -1;
         }
         else {
-            self->filename = Py_NewRef(filename);
+            Py_XSETREF(self->filename, Py_NewRef(filename));
 
             if (filename2 && filename2 != Py_None) {
-                self->filename2 = Py_NewRef(filename2);
+                Py_XSETREF(self->filename2, Py_NewRef(filename2));
             }
 
             if (nargs >= 2 && nargs <= 5) {
@@ -1864,10 +1864,10 @@ oserror_init(PyOSErrorObject *self, PyObject **p_args,
             }
         }
     }
-    self->myerrno = Py_XNewRef(myerrno);
-    self->strerror = Py_XNewRef(strerror);
+    Py_XSETREF(self->myerrno, Py_XNewRef(myerrno));
+    Py_XSETREF(self->strerror, Py_XNewRef(strerror));
 #ifdef MS_WINDOWS
-    self->winerror = Py_XNewRef(winerror);
+    Py_XSETREF(self->winerror, Py_XNewRef(winerror));
 #endif
 
     /* Steals the reference to args */