diff --git a/workspaces/arborist/lib/arborist/build-ideal-tree.js b/workspaces/arborist/lib/arborist/build-ideal-tree.js
index 54f86dea0f65c..61b32b06f5ab0 100644
--- a/workspaces/arborist/lib/arborist/build-ideal-tree.js
+++ b/workspaces/arborist/lib/arborist/build-ideal-tree.js
@@ -1465,11 +1465,6 @@ This is a one-time fix-up, please be patient...
     const needPrune = metaFromDisk && (mutateTree || flagsSuspect)
     if (this.#prune && needPrune) {
       this.#idealTreePrune()
-      for (const node of this.idealTree.inventory.values()) {
-        if (node.extraneous) {
-          node.parent = null
-        }
-      }
     }
 
     timeEnd()
@@ -1477,7 +1472,12 @@ This is a one-time fix-up, please be patient...
 
   #idealTreePrune () {
     for (const node of this.idealTree.inventory.values()) {
-      if (node.extraneous) {
+      // optional peer dependencies are meant to be added to the tree
+      // through an explicit required dependency (most commonly in the
+      // root package.json), at which point they won't be optional so
+      // any dependencies still marked as both optional and peer at
+      // this point can be pruned as a special kind of extraneous
+      if (node.extraneous || (node.peer && node.optional)) {
         node.parent = null
       }
     }
diff --git a/workspaces/arborist/test/arborist/pruner.js b/workspaces/arborist/test/arborist/pruner.js
index 7c4bec0c5e2ed..520560fe0f42b 100644
--- a/workspaces/arborist/test/arborist/pruner.js
+++ b/workspaces/arborist/test/arborist/pruner.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 const { resolve } = require('node:path')
+const fs = require('node:fs')
 
 const t = require('tap')
 const Arborist = require('../../lib/arborist/index.js')
@@ -39,6 +40,23 @@ t.test('prune with lockfile', async t => {
   t.matchSnapshot(printTree(tree))
 })
 
+t.test('prune with lockfile with implicit optional peer dependencies', async t => {
+  const path = fixture(t, 'prune-lockfile-optional-peer')
+  const tree = await pruneTree(path, { audit: false })
+
+  const dep = tree.children.get('dedent')
+  t.ok(dep, 'required prod dep was not pruned from tree')
+
+  const optionalPeerDep = tree.children.get('babel-plugin-macros')
+  t.notOk(optionalPeerDep, 'optional peer dep was pruned from tree')
+
+  t.notMatch(
+    fs.readFileSync(path + '/package-lock.json'),
+    'node_modules/babel-plugin-macros',
+    'should remove optional peer dep from package-lock.json'
+  )
+})
+
 t.test('prune with actual tree omit dev', async t => {
   const path = fixture(t, 'prune-actual-omit-dev')
   const tree = await pruneTree(path, { omit: ['dev'] })
diff --git a/workspaces/arborist/test/fixtures/prune-lockfile-optional-peer/node_modules/dedent/package.json b/workspaces/arborist/test/fixtures/prune-lockfile-optional-peer/node_modules/dedent/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..50a7c71cc90d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/workspaces/arborist/test/fixtures/prune-lockfile-optional-peer/node_modules/dedent/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+{
+  "name": "dedent",
+  "version": "1.6.0",
+  "peerDependencies": {
+    "babel-plugin-macros": "^3.1.0"
+  },
+  "peerDependenciesMeta": {
+    "babel-plugin-macros": {
+      "optional": true
+    }
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/workspaces/arborist/test/fixtures/prune-lockfile-optional-peer/package-lock.json b/workspaces/arborist/test/fixtures/prune-lockfile-optional-peer/package-lock.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..fb4f1a7d4a39c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/workspaces/arborist/test/fixtures/prune-lockfile-optional-peer/package-lock.json
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+{
+  "name": "prune-lockfile-optional-peer",
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "lockfileVersion": 3,
+  "requires": true,
+  "packages": {
+    "": {
+      "name": "prune-lockfile-optional-peer",
+      "version": "1.0.0",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "dedent": "^1.6.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/babel-plugin-macros": {
+      "version": "3.1.0",
+      "optional": true,
+      "peer": true
+    },
+    "node_modules/dedent": {
+      "version": "1.6.0",
+      "peerDependencies": {
+        "babel-plugin-macros": "^3.1.0"
+      },
+      "peerDependenciesMeta": {
+        "babel-plugin-macros": {
+          "optional": true
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/workspaces/arborist/test/fixtures/prune-lockfile-optional-peer/package.json b/workspaces/arborist/test/fixtures/prune-lockfile-optional-peer/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..e2dd1a11a8614
--- /dev/null
+++ b/workspaces/arborist/test/fixtures/prune-lockfile-optional-peer/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+{
+  "name": "prune-lockfile-optional-peer",
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "dependencies": {
+    "dedent": "^1.6.0"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/workspaces/arborist/test/fixtures/registry-mocks/content/dedent/dedent-1.6.0.tgz b/workspaces/arborist/test/fixtures/registry-mocks/content/dedent/dedent-1.6.0.tgz
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..2ea7701b64861
Binary files /dev/null and b/workspaces/arborist/test/fixtures/registry-mocks/content/dedent/dedent-1.6.0.tgz differ
diff --git a/workspaces/arborist/test/fixtures/reify-cases/prune-lockfile-optional-peer.js b/workspaces/arborist/test/fixtures/reify-cases/prune-lockfile-optional-peer.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..f39f2bf5fda83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/workspaces/arborist/test/fixtures/reify-cases/prune-lockfile-optional-peer.js
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+// generated from test/fixtures/prune-lockfile-optional-peer
+module.exports = t => {
+  const path = t.testdir({
+  "node_modules": {
+    "dedent": {
+      "package.json": JSON.stringify({
+        "name": "dedent",
+        "version": "1.6.0",
+        "peerDependencies": {
+          "babel-plugin-macros": "^3.1.0"
+        },
+        "peerDependenciesMeta": {
+          "babel-plugin-macros": {
+            "optional": true
+          }
+        }
+      })
+    }
+  },
+  "package-lock.json": JSON.stringify({
+    "name": "prune-lockfile-optional-peer",
+    "version": "1.0.0",
+    "lockfileVersion": 3,
+    "requires": true,
+    "packages": {
+      "": {
+        "name": "prune-lockfile-optional-peer",
+        "version": "1.0.0",
+        "dependencies": {
+          "dedent": "^1.6.0"
+        }
+      },
+      "node_modules/babel-plugin-macros": {
+        "version": "3.1.0",
+        "optional": true,
+        "peer": true
+      },
+      "node_modules/dedent": {
+        "version": "1.6.0",
+        "peerDependencies": {
+          "babel-plugin-macros": "^3.1.0"
+        },
+        "peerDependenciesMeta": {
+          "babel-plugin-macros": {
+            "optional": true
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }),
+  "package.json": JSON.stringify({
+    "name": "prune-lockfile-optional-peer",
+    "version": "1.0.0",
+    "dependencies": {
+      "dedent": "^1.6.0"
+    }
+  })
+  })
+  return path
+}
\ No newline at end of file