diff --git a/src/benchmark_runner.cc b/src/benchmark_runner.cc
index f6d37e017..4046a8deb 100644
--- a/src/benchmark_runner.cc
+++ b/src/benchmark_runner.cc
@@ -462,17 +462,23 @@ void BenchmarkRunner::RunWarmUp() {
 
 MemoryManager::Result BenchmarkRunner::RunMemoryManager(
     IterationCount memory_iterations) {
-  memory_manager->Start();
+  // Set up the thread manager and run the user's Setup() outside the
+  // measured window. These happen outside the timed region too, so the
+  // library's own ThreadManager allocation and any per-benchmark fixture
+  // allocations must not be attributed to the benchmark's memory usage.
   std::unique_ptr<internal::ThreadManager> manager;
   manager.reset(new internal::ThreadManager(1));
   b.Setup();
+
+  memory_manager->Start();
   RunInThread(&b, memory_iterations, 0, manager.get(),
               perf_counters_measurement_ptr,
               /*profiler_manager=*/nullptr);
-  manager.reset();
-  b.Teardown();
   MemoryManager::Result memory_result;
   memory_manager->Stop(memory_result);
+
+  manager.reset();
+  b.Teardown();
   memory_result.memory_iterations = memory_iterations;
   return memory_result;
 }
diff --git a/test/CMakeLists.txt b/test/CMakeLists.txt
index 280113cce..638f03b49 100644
--- a/test/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/test/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -261,6 +261,7 @@ if (BENCHMARK_ENABLE_GTEST_TESTS)
   add_gtest(profiler_manager_gtest)
   add_gtest(benchmark_setup_teardown_cb_types_gtest)
   add_gtest(memory_results_gtest)
+  add_gtest(memory_manager_ordering_gtest)
 endif(BENCHMARK_ENABLE_GTEST_TESTS)
 
 ###############################################################################
diff --git a/test/memory_manager_ordering_gtest.cc b/test/memory_manager_ordering_gtest.cc
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..adf6bed93
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/memory_manager_ordering_gtest.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+// Verifies that a registered MemoryManager only brackets the benchmark's
+// measured work: the per-benchmark Setup()/Teardown() must run outside the
+// Start()/Stop() window, consistent with how they run outside the timed
+// region. See https://github.com/google/benchmark/issues/2149.
+
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "benchmark/benchmark.h"
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+
+namespace benchmark {
+namespace {
+
+// True while the MemoryManager measurement window is open, i.e. between
+// MemoryManager::Start() and Stop(). The fixture callbacks must never observe
+// it as true. Everything here runs on the main thread (thread_index 0), so no
+// synchronization is needed.
+bool in_measurement_window = false;
+
+// Set from the callbacks so the test fails loudly rather than passing
+// vacuously if a code path is never exercised.
+bool memory_manager_ran = false;
+bool setup_ran = false;
+bool teardown_ran = false;
+
+class OrderingMemoryManager : public MemoryManager {
+ public:
+  void Start() override {
+    in_measurement_window = true;
+    memory_manager_ran = true;
+  }
+  void Stop(Result& result) override {
+    in_measurement_window = false;
+    result.num_allocs = 0;
+    result.max_bytes_used = 0;
+  }
+};
+
+void DoSetup(const State&) {
+  EXPECT_FALSE(in_measurement_window)
+      << "Setup ran inside the MemoryManager Start/Stop window";
+  setup_ran = true;
+}
+void DoTeardown(const State&) {
+  EXPECT_FALSE(in_measurement_window)
+      << "Teardown ran inside the MemoryManager Start/Stop window";
+  teardown_ran = true;
+}
+
+void BM_ordering(State& state) {
+  for (auto _ : state) {
+  }
+}
+BENCHMARK(BM_ordering)->Iterations(1)->Setup(DoSetup)->Teardown(DoTeardown);
+
+// Swallows reporter output so the benchmark run does not pollute test output.
+class NullReporter : public BenchmarkReporter {
+ public:
+  bool ReportContext(const Context&) override { return true; }
+  void ReportRuns(const std::vector<Run>&) override {}
+};
+
+}  // namespace
+
+TEST(MemoryManagerOrdering, SetupTeardownRunOutsideMeasurementWindow) {
+  OrderingMemoryManager mm;
+  RegisterMemoryManager(&mm);
+  NullReporter reporter;
+  const size_t ran = RunSpecifiedBenchmarks(&reporter);
+  RegisterMemoryManager(nullptr);
+
+  EXPECT_GT(ran, 0u);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(memory_manager_ran) << "MemoryManager measurement pass never ran";
+  EXPECT_TRUE(setup_ran) << "Setup callback never ran";
+  EXPECT_TRUE(teardown_ran) << "Teardown callback never ran";
+  EXPECT_FALSE(in_measurement_window);
+}
+
+}  // namespace benchmark