diff --git a/r/R/dataset-format.R b/r/R/dataset-format.R
index fcdcffedf1c..60ede3553ac 100644
--- a/r/R/dataset-format.R
+++ b/r/R/dataset-format.R
@@ -427,7 +427,11 @@ csv_file_format_parse_opts <- function(...) {
     # Catch cases when the user specifies a mix of Arrow C++ options and
     # readr-style options
     if (!all(is_readr_opt)) {
-      stop("Use either Arrow parse options or readr parse options, not both", call. = FALSE)
+      abort(c(
+        "CSV parse options must be either Arrow-style or readr-style, not both.",
+        i = sprintf("Arrow options used: %s.", oxford_paste(opt_names[is_arrow_opt])),
+        i = sprintf("readr options used: %s.", oxford_paste(opt_names[is_readr_opt]))
+      ))
     }
     do.call(readr_to_csv_parse_options, opts) # all options have readr-style names
   } else {
diff --git a/r/tests/testthat/test-dataset-csv.R b/r/tests/testthat/test-dataset-csv.R
index ce3f94e7f56..8e6f5aa6f31 100644
--- a/r/tests/testthat/test-dataset-csv.R
+++ b/r/tests/testthat/test-dataset-csv.R
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ test_that("readr parse options", {
   )
 
   # With both Arrow and readr parse options (disallowed)
-  expect_error(
+  err <- expect_error(
     open_dataset(
       tsv_dir,
       partitioning = "part",
@@ -239,8 +239,10 @@ test_that("readr parse options", {
       quote = "\"",
       quoting = TRUE
     ),
-    "either"
+    "Arrow-style or readr-style"
   )
+  expect_match(conditionMessage(err), "Arrow options used:.*quoting")
+  expect_match(conditionMessage(err), "readr options used:.*quote")
 
   # With ambiguous partial option names (disallowed)
   expect_error(