diff --git a/.github/workflows/cpp.yml b/.github/workflows/cpp.yml
index 90c06c7be0e..15ea5d85095 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/cpp.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/cpp.yml
@@ -119,11 +119,11 @@ jobs:
           persist-credentials: false
           fetch-depth: 0
           submodules: recursive
-      - name: Cache Docker Volumes
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore Docker Volumes
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
           path: .docker
-          key: ${{ matrix.image }}-${{ hashFiles('cpp/**') }}
+          key: ${{ matrix.image }}-${{ github.run_id }}
           restore-keys: ${{ matrix.image }}-
       - name: Setup Python on hosted runner
         if: |
@@ -149,6 +149,13 @@ jobs:
           sudo sysctl -w vm.mmap_rnd_bits=28
           source ci/scripts/util_enable_core_dumps.sh
           archery docker run ${{ matrix.image }}
+      - name: Save Docker Volumes
+        if: ${{ !cancelled() && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
+        continue-on-error: true
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: .docker
+          key: ${{ matrix.image }}-${{ github.run_id }}
       - name: Docker Push
         if: >-
           success() &&
@@ -254,11 +261,11 @@ jobs:
         id: ccache-info
         run: |
           echo "cache-dir=$(ccache --get-config cache_dir)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-      - name: Cache ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
           path: ${{ steps.ccache-info.outputs.cache-dir }}
-          key: cpp-ccache-macos-${{ matrix.macos-version }}-${{ hashFiles('cpp/**') }}
+          key: cpp-ccache-macos-${{ matrix.macos-version }}-${{ github.run_id }}
           restore-keys: cpp-ccache-macos-${{ matrix.macos-version }}-
       - name: Build
         run: |
@@ -276,6 +283,13 @@ jobs:
             export BUILD_WARNING_LEVEL=PRODUCTION
           fi
           ci/scripts/cpp_build.sh $(pwd) $(pwd)/build
+      - name: Save ccache
+        if: ${{ !cancelled() && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
+        continue-on-error: true
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: ${{ steps.ccache-info.outputs.cache-dir }}
+          key: cpp-ccache-macos-${{ matrix.macos-version }}-${{ github.run_id }}
       - name: Test
         shell: bash
         run: |
@@ -361,17 +375,24 @@ jobs:
       - name: Setup MSYS2
         shell: msys2 {0}
         run: ci/scripts/msys2_setup.sh cpp
-      - name: Cache ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
           path: ccache
-          key: cpp-ccache-${{ matrix.msystem_lower}}-${{ hashFiles('cpp/**') }}
+          key: cpp-ccache-${{ matrix.msystem_lower}}-${{ github.run_id }}
           restore-keys: cpp-ccache-${{ matrix.msystem_lower}}-
       - name: Build
         shell: msys2 {0}
         run: |
           export CMAKE_BUILD_PARALLEL_LEVEL=$NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS
           ci/scripts/cpp_build.sh "$(pwd)" "$(pwd)/build"
+      - name: Save ccache
+        if: ${{ !cancelled() && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
+        continue-on-error: true
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: ccache
+          key: cpp-ccache-${{ matrix.msystem_lower}}-${{ github.run_id }}
       - name: Download Timezone Database
         if: matrix.msystem_upper == 'CLANG64'
         shell: bash
diff --git a/.github/workflows/cpp_extra.yml b/.github/workflows/cpp_extra.yml
index 73b06f9deec..6b573f85011 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/cpp_extra.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/cpp_extra.yml
@@ -141,11 +141,11 @@ jobs:
           persist-credentials: false
           fetch-depth: 0
           submodules: recursive
-      - name: Cache Docker Volumes
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore Docker Volumes
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
           path: .docker
-          key: extra-${{ matrix.image }}-${{ hashFiles('cpp/**') }}
+          key: extra-${{ matrix.image }}-${{ github.run_id }}
           restore-keys: extra-${{ matrix.image }}-
       - name: Setup Python
         uses: actions/setup-python@v6
@@ -169,6 +169,13 @@ jobs:
             done
           fi
           archery docker run ${{ matrix.run-options || '' }} ${{ matrix.image }}
+      - name: Save Docker Volumes
+        if: ${{ !cancelled() && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
+        continue-on-error: true
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: .docker
+          key: extra-${{ matrix.image }}-${{ github.run_id }}
       - name: Docker Push
         if: >-
           success() &&
@@ -227,11 +234,11 @@ jobs:
       - name: Free up disk space
         run: |
           ci/scripts/util_free_space.sh
-      - name: Cache Docker Volumes
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore Docker Volumes
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
           path: .docker
-          key: jni-${{ matrix.platform.runs-on }}-${{ hashFiles('cpp/**') }}
+          key: jni-${{ matrix.platform.runs-on }}-${{ github.run_id }}
           restore-keys: jni-${{ matrix.platform.runs-on }}-
       - name: Setup Python
         uses: actions/setup-python@v6
@@ -248,6 +255,13 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           source ci/scripts/util_enable_core_dumps.sh
           archery docker run cpp-jni
+      - name: Save Docker Volumes
+        if: ${{ !cancelled() && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
+        continue-on-error: true
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: .docker
+          key: jni-${{ matrix.platform.runs-on }}-${{ github.run_id }}
       - name: Docker Push
         if: >-
           success() &&
@@ -300,11 +314,11 @@ jobs:
       - name: Prepare ccache
         run: |
           echo "CCACHE_DIR=${PWD}/ccache" >> ${GITHUB_ENV}
-      - name: Cache ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
           path: ccache
-          key: jni-macos-${{ hashFiles('cpp/**') }}
+          key: jni-macos-${{ github.run_id }}
           restore-keys: jni-macos-
       - name: CMake
         run: |
@@ -347,6 +361,13 @@ jobs:
           cmake --build cpp/examples/minimal_build.build
           cd cpp/examples/minimal_build
           ../minimal_build.build/arrow-example
+      - name: Save ccache
+        if: ${{ !cancelled() && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
+        continue-on-error: true
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: ccache
+          key: jni-macos-${{ github.run_id }}
 
   odbc-linux:
     needs: check-labels
@@ -372,11 +393,11 @@ jobs:
           persist-credentials: false
           fetch-depth: 0
           submodules: recursive
-      - name: Cache Docker Volumes
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore Docker Volumes
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
           path: .docker
-          key: ubuntu-cpp-odbc-${{ hashFiles('cpp/**') }}
+          key: ubuntu-cpp-odbc-${{ github.run_id }}
           restore-keys: ubuntu-cpp-odbc-
       - name: Setup Python on hosted runner
         uses: actions/setup-python@v6
@@ -393,6 +414,13 @@ jobs:
           sudo sysctl -w vm.mmap_rnd_bits=28
           source ci/scripts/util_enable_core_dumps.sh
           archery docker run ubuntu-cpp-odbc
+      - name: Save Docker Volumes
+        if: ${{ !cancelled() && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
+        continue-on-error: true
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: .docker
+          key: ubuntu-cpp-odbc-${{ github.run_id }}
       - name: Docker Push
         if: >-
           success() &&
@@ -464,11 +492,11 @@ jobs:
         id: ccache-info
         run: |
           echo "cache-dir=$(ccache --get-config cache_dir)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-      - name: Cache ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5.0.2
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
           path: ${{ steps.ccache-info.outputs.cache-dir }}
-          key: cpp-odbc-ccache-macos-${{ matrix.macos-version }}-${{ matrix.build-type }}-${{ hashFiles('cpp/**') }}
+          key: cpp-odbc-ccache-macos-${{ matrix.macos-version }}-${{ matrix.build-type }}-${{ github.run_id }}
           restore-keys: cpp-odbc-ccache-macos-${{ matrix.macos-version }}-${{ matrix.build-type }}-
       - name: Build
         run: |
@@ -486,6 +514,13 @@ jobs:
           export ARROW_CMAKE_ARGS="-DODBC_INCLUDE_DIR=$ODBC_INCLUDE_DIR"
           export CXXFLAGS="$CXXFLAGS -I$ODBC_INCLUDE_DIR"
           ci/scripts/cpp_build.sh $(pwd) $(pwd)/build
+      - name: Save ccache
+        if: ${{ !cancelled() && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
+        continue-on-error: true
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: ${{ steps.ccache-info.outputs.cache-dir }}
+          key: cpp-odbc-ccache-macos-${{ matrix.macos-version }}-${{ matrix.build-type }}-${{ github.run_id }}
       - name: Setup Python
         uses: actions/setup-python@v6
         with:
@@ -589,11 +624,11 @@ jobs:
         shell: bash
         run: |
           echo "cache-dir=$(ccache --get-config cache_dir)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-      - name: Cache ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
           path: ${{ steps.ccache-info.outputs.cache-dir }}
-          key: cpp-odbc-ccache-windows-x64-${{ hashFiles('cpp/**') }}
+          key: cpp-odbc-ccache-windows-x64-${{ github.run_id }}
           restore-keys: cpp-odbc-ccache-windows-x64-
       - name: Checkout vcpkg
         uses: actions/checkout@v6
@@ -630,6 +665,13 @@ jobs:
           call "C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Enterprise\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvarsall.bat" x64
           set VCPKG_ROOT=%VCPKG_ROOT_KEEP%
           bash -c "ci/scripts/cpp_build.sh $(pwd) $(pwd)/build"
+      - name: Save ccache
+        if: ${{ !cancelled() && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
+        continue-on-error: true
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: ${{ steps.ccache-info.outputs.cache-dir }}
+          key: cpp-odbc-ccache-windows-x64-${{ github.run_id }}
       - name: Register Flight SQL ODBC Driver
         shell: cmd
         run: |
diff --git a/.github/workflows/cpp_windows.yml b/.github/workflows/cpp_windows.yml
index 18afb74acea..41073ba9b9c 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/cpp_windows.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/cpp_windows.yml
@@ -107,11 +107,11 @@ jobs:
         shell: bash
         run: |
           echo "cache-dir=$(ccache --get-config cache_dir)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-      - name: Cache ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
           path: ${{ steps.ccache-info.outputs.cache-dir }}
-          key: cpp-ccache-windows-${{ inputs.arch }}-${{ hashFiles('cpp/**') }}
+          key: cpp-ccache-windows-${{ inputs.arch }}-${{ github.run_id }}
           restore-keys: cpp-ccache-windows-${{ inputs.arch }}-
       - name: Build
         shell: cmd
@@ -120,6 +120,13 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           call "C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Enterprise\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvarsall.bat" %VCVARS_ARCH%
           bash -c "ci/scripts/cpp_build.sh $(pwd) $(pwd)/build"
+      - name: Save ccache
+        if: ${{ !cancelled() && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
+        continue-on-error: true
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: ${{ steps.ccache-info.outputs.cache-dir }}
+          key: cpp-ccache-windows-${{ inputs.arch }}-${{ github.run_id }}
       - name: Test
         shell: cmd
         env: