diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index a8bfadc34..b1a782842 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -180,6 +180,8 @@ You can customize the processing with additional optional arguments:
 --if-add-node-id        Add node ID (yes/no, default: yes)
 --if-add-node-summary   Add node summary (yes/no, default: yes)
 --if-add-doc-description Add doc description (yes/no, default: yes)
+--output-dir            Directory to write the output JSON (default: ./results)
+--output-file           Full output file path, e.g. ~/results/my_doc.json (mutually exclusive with --output-dir)
 ```
 </details>
 
diff --git a/run_pageindex.py b/run_pageindex.py
index 673439d89..64d8a115c 100644
--- a/run_pageindex.py
+++ b/run_pageindex.py
@@ -5,6 +5,20 @@
 from pageindex.page_index_md import md_to_tree
 from pageindex.utils import ConfigLoader
 
+def resolve_output_path(input_path, output_dir_arg, output_file_arg):
+    if output_file_arg:
+        output_file = os.path.abspath(os.path.expandvars(os.path.expanduser(output_file_arg)))
+        parent = os.path.dirname(output_file)
+        if parent:
+            os.makedirs(parent, exist_ok=True)
+    else:
+        out_dir = os.path.abspath(os.path.expandvars(os.path.expanduser(output_dir_arg))) if output_dir_arg else './results'
+        os.makedirs(out_dir, exist_ok=True)
+        doc_name = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(input_path))[0]
+        output_file = os.path.join(out_dir, f'{doc_name}_structure.json')
+    return output_file
+
+
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     # Set up argument parser
     parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Process PDF or Markdown document and generate structure')
@@ -29,6 +43,13 @@
     parser.add_argument('--if-add-node-text', type=str, default=None,
                       help='Whether to add text to the node')
                       
+    # Output path arguments (mutually exclusive)
+    output_group = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
+    output_group.add_argument('--output-dir', type=str, default=None,
+                              help='Directory to write the output JSON (default: ./results)')
+    output_group.add_argument('--output-file', type=str, default=None,
+                              help='Full output file path, e.g. /tmp/my_doc.json')
+
     # Markdown specific arguments
     parser.add_argument('--if-thinning', type=str, default='no',
                       help='Whether to apply tree thinning for markdown (markdown only)')
@@ -69,11 +90,7 @@
         print('Parsing done, saving to file...')
         
         # Save results
-        pdf_name = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(args.pdf_path))[0]    
-        output_dir = './results'
-        output_file = f'{output_dir}/{pdf_name}_structure.json'
-        os.makedirs(output_dir, exist_ok=True)
-        
+        output_file = resolve_output_path(args.pdf_path, args.output_dir, args.output_file)
         with open(output_file, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
             json.dump(toc_with_page_number, f, indent=2)
         
@@ -123,11 +140,7 @@
         print('Parsing done, saving to file...')
         
         # Save results
-        md_name = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(args.md_path))[0]    
-        output_dir = './results'
-        output_file = f'{output_dir}/{md_name}_structure.json'
-        os.makedirs(output_dir, exist_ok=True)
-        
+        output_file = resolve_output_path(args.md_path, args.output_dir, args.output_file)
         with open(output_file, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
             json.dump(toc_with_page_number, f, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False)