diff --git a/crates/spirv-builder/src/lib.rs b/crates/spirv-builder/src/lib.rs
index 56995fb488a..1cc3449d6cf 100644
--- a/crates/spirv-builder/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/spirv-builder/src/lib.rs
@@ -83,10 +83,12 @@ use serde::Deserialize;
 use std::borrow::Borrow;
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::env;
+use std::ffi::OsStr;
 use std::fs::File;
 use std::io::BufReader;
 use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
 use std::process::Stdio;
+use std::time::SystemTime;
 use thiserror::Error;
 
 #[cfg(feature = "watch")]
@@ -805,20 +807,71 @@ fn dylib_path() -> Vec<PathBuf> {
     dylibs
 }
 
+fn rustc_codegen_spirv_dylib_name() -> String {
+    format!(
+        "{}rustc_codegen_spirv{}",
+        env::consts::DLL_PREFIX,
+        env::consts::DLL_SUFFIX
+    )
+}
+
+fn find_latest_hashed_rustc_codegen_spirv_in_dir(dir: &Path) -> Option<PathBuf> {
+    let prefix = format!("{}rustc_codegen_spirv-", env::consts::DLL_PREFIX);
+    let suffix = env::consts::DLL_SUFFIX;
+    let mut best_match: Option<(SystemTime, PathBuf)> = None;
+
+    for entry in std::fs::read_dir(dir).ok()?.flatten() {
+        let path = entry.path();
+        if !path.is_file() {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        let Some(name) = path.file_name().and_then(OsStr::to_str) else {
+            continue;
+        };
+        if !name.starts_with(&prefix) || !name.ends_with(suffix) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        let modified = entry
+            .metadata()
+            .ok()
+            .and_then(|metadata| metadata.modified().ok())
+            .unwrap_or(SystemTime::UNIX_EPOCH);
+        match &mut best_match {
+            Some((best_modified, best_path)) if modified < *best_modified => {}
+            Some((best_modified, best_path)) => {
+                *best_modified = modified;
+                *best_path = path;
+            }
+            None => best_match = Some((modified, path)),
+        }
+    }
+
+    best_match.map(|(_, path)| path)
+}
+
+fn find_rustc_codegen_spirv_in_paths(dylib_paths: Vec<PathBuf>) -> Option<PathBuf> {
+    let exact_name = rustc_codegen_spirv_dylib_name();
+
+    for dir in &dylib_paths {
+        let path = dir.join(&exact_name);
+        if path.is_file() {
+            return Some(path);
+        }
+    }
+
+    dylib_paths
+        .into_iter()
+        .find_map(|dir| find_latest_hashed_rustc_codegen_spirv_in_dir(&dir))
+}
+
 fn find_rustc_codegen_spirv() -> Result<PathBuf, SpirvBuilderError> {
     if cfg!(feature = "rustc_codegen_spirv") {
-        let filename = format!(
-            "{}rustc_codegen_spirv{}",
-            env::consts::DLL_PREFIX,
-            env::consts::DLL_SUFFIX
-        );
-        let dylib_paths = dylib_path();
-        for mut path in dylib_paths {
-            path.push(&filename);
-            if path.is_file() {
-                return Ok(path);
-            }
+        if let Some(path) = find_rustc_codegen_spirv_in_paths(dylib_path()) {
+            return Ok(path);
         }
+        let filename = rustc_codegen_spirv_dylib_name();
         panic!("Could not find {filename} in library path");
     } else {
         Err(SpirvBuilderError::MissingRustcCodegenSpirvDylib)
diff --git a/crates/spirv-builder/src/tests.rs b/crates/spirv-builder/src/tests.rs
index 1550a357ba2..6b37072be07 100644
--- a/crates/spirv-builder/src/tests.rs
+++ b/crates/spirv-builder/src/tests.rs
@@ -18,3 +18,87 @@ mod clap {
         };
     }
 }
+
+mod dylib_lookup {
+    use crate::{find_rustc_codegen_spirv_in_paths, rustc_codegen_spirv_dylib_name};
+    use std::fs;
+    use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+    use std::time::{Duration, SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH};
+
+    struct TempDir(PathBuf);
+
+    impl TempDir {
+        fn new(test_name: &str) -> Self {
+            let unique = SystemTime::now()
+                .duration_since(UNIX_EPOCH)
+                .unwrap_or(Duration::ZERO)
+                .as_nanos();
+            let path = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!(
+                "spirv-builder-{test_name}-{}-{unique}",
+                std::process::id()
+            ));
+            fs::create_dir_all(&path).unwrap();
+            Self(path)
+        }
+
+        fn path(&self) -> &Path {
+            &self.0
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl Drop for TempDir {
+        fn drop(&mut self) {
+            let _ = fs::remove_dir_all(&self.0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn finds_exact_backend_dylib() {
+        let dir = TempDir::new("exact");
+        let exact = dir.path().join(rustc_codegen_spirv_dylib_name());
+        fs::File::create(&exact).expect("failed to create exact backend dylib file");
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            find_rustc_codegen_spirv_in_paths(vec![dir.path().to_path_buf()]),
+            Some(exact)
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn falls_back_to_hashed_backend_dylib() {
+        let dir = TempDir::new("hashed");
+        let hashed = dir.path().join(format!(
+            "{}rustc_codegen_spirv-deadbeef{}",
+            std::env::consts::DLL_PREFIX,
+            std::env::consts::DLL_SUFFIX
+        ));
+        fs::File::create(&hashed).expect("failed to create hashed backend dylib file");
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            find_rustc_codegen_spirv_in_paths(vec![dir.path().to_path_buf()]),
+            Some(hashed)
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn prefers_exact_match_over_hashed_match_in_earlier_dir() {
+        let hashed_dir = TempDir::new("hashed-first");
+        let exact_dir = TempDir::new("exact-second");
+        let hashed = hashed_dir.path().join(format!(
+            "{}rustc_codegen_spirv-deadbeef{}",
+            std::env::consts::DLL_PREFIX,
+            std::env::consts::DLL_SUFFIX
+        ));
+        let exact = exact_dir.path().join(rustc_codegen_spirv_dylib_name());
+        fs::File::create(&hashed).expect("failed to create hashed backend dylib file");
+        fs::File::create(&exact).expect("failed to create exact backend dylib file");
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            find_rustc_codegen_spirv_in_paths(vec![
+                hashed_dir.path().to_path_buf(),
+                exact_dir.path().to_path_buf()
+            ]),
+            Some(exact)
+        );
+    }
+}